In: Labor Market Flexibility, Flexicurity and Employment ISBN 1-60021-416-9
Editor: Tiiu Paas and Raul Eamets, pp.1- © 2006 Nova Science Publishers, Inc.
Chapter 5
MACRO-LEVEL LABOUR MARKET FLEXIBILITY
IN THE BALTIC STATES
Jaan Masso, Raul Eamets
INTRODUCTION
The study of the macro-level flexibility in this chapter follows our definition of labour
market flexibility presented in Chapter 3. According to our scheme, labour market flexibility
can be divided into macro-level and micro-level flexibility. The latter contains employment
protection legislation (hereinafter EPL), i.e. the regulations covering hiring and firing
(dismissals), trade unions’ influence on the functioning of the labour market, the flexibility of
wages (ability of wages to respond to different changes in economy, like economic cycles),
minimum pay regulations and labour market policies. The long-time work of the authors of
our research group has relied on that scheme. However, we are also aware of the difficulties
in defining and measuring such a comprehensive phenomenon as labour market flexibility,
and the drawbacks of exiting indicators and indices.
This chapter is an updated synthesis of the authors’ (and other researchers’) earlier
research on the topic within a few years, particularly by Eamets and Masso (2005; 2004), and
Paas et al. (2003). Informal discussions of the topic are combined with the results of some
earlier quantitative studies
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.
Our aim is to outline the peculiarities of the Baltic labour markets and industrial relations
systems to show how these have contributed to the economic development of the Baltic states
after the transition processes (e.g. the reallocation of production factors and the restructuring
of enterprises) and to convergence (catching-up) with the old EU member countries. Another
focal point is how joining the EU and adopting the acquis has shaped the system. We
compare the Baltics with other CEE countries and the EU-15.
The rest of the chapter is structured as follows. The first sub-chapter on the employment
protection legislation starts with a short overview of the concept; thereafter formal labour
legislation and its actual enforcement in the Baltic states are analyzed. The second sub-
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Sub-section 5.1. in particular summarizes the findings of authors’ earlier papers: Eamets and Masso, 2005; 2004.