Advances in Environmental Biology, 8(16) Special 2014, Pages: 204-206 AENSI Journals Advances in Environmental Biology ISSN-1995-0756 EISSN-1998-1066 Journal home page: http://www.aensiweb.com/AEB/ Corresponding Author: Dr O.A Adediran, Senior lecturer, Veterinary Parasitologist Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Parasitology. University of Ibadan Tel: +2348023222926 E-mail: oye_adediran@yahoo.com Detection of Kalicephalus spp ,Ascaridoid spp and Strongyloides spp in Bufo regularis (Reuss) in Ibadan, south west Nigeria Adediran Oyeduntan.Adejoju, Adebiyi Adebowale Idris, Uwalaka Emmanuel Chibuike Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Parasitology, University of Ibadan Ibadan, Nigeria. ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Article history: Received 25 September 2014 Received in revised form 26 October 2014 Accepted 25 November 2014 Available online 1 December 2014 Keywords: Bufo regularis, parasitofauna, Kalicephalus, Strongyloides, Ascaridoid, Ibadan, Nigeria. The common African toad (Bufo regularis) has been used for several things and served different purposes including being a good source of protein for humans in some parts of Africa and Asia.Various studies have been carried out on amphibians in and outside Africa but with little work done on its parasitofauna. An investigation of the endoparasites of the common African toad (Bufo regularis) in the wild from different sites in Ibadan, southwest Nigeria was undertaken. With the use of coprological methods of floatation and sedimentation, two nematodes were identified in male and female toads. These include Kalicephalus spp,and Strongyloides stercoralis. Ascaridoid spp adults were seen on examination of worms passed out with faeces by the toads in the laboratory. This may be the first report of Kalicephalus and Strongyloides spp in toads in Nigeria and this work has added to the understanding of the parasite fauna of Bufo regularis in Nigeria. © 2014 AENSI Publisher All rights reserved. To Cite This Article: Adediran Oyeduntan.Adejoju, Adebiyi Adebowale Idris, Uwalaka Emmanuel Chibuike, Detection of Kalicephalus spp ,Ascaridoid spp and Strongyloides spp in Bufo regularis (Reuss) in Ibadan, south west Nigeria. Adv. Environ. Biol., 8(16), 204-206, 2014 INTRODUCTION The common African toad (Bufo regularis) is a member of the family Bufonidae, containing more than300 species. Toads are fat-bodied amphibians, having warts and are widespread in savannah regions south of the Sahara [1), but are most abundant in the tropical regions. The toad has been reported in various countries around ]the world [2-4] including Africa [5-9].Typical toads are found in a region stretching from Senegal through West Africa to Central Africa and through North Africa to Egypt [10]. Toads are less common inhabitants of water than frogs and thus are less exposed to infection by larval trematodes. Helminth parasites may result from factors such as dirty environment and poor quality of food taken. The study of parasites and other anurans has been undertaken by few parasitologists [4,9,11-13] and the number of parasites necessary to cause harm to B.regularis varied considerably with the size of the host and health status [9]. The common African toad is a delicacy in most communities in southwest Nigeria (personal communication), however there is paucity of information on the helminth parasites of this amphibian. Studies in parts of Nigeria [5,6,9] on helminth parasitofauna of Bufo regularis have been based on sacrificing the animals to check for the parasites, however, our study investigated the presence of these parasites in captured live toads in Ibadan, southwest Nigeria. The toads were later released back into the environment. MATERIALS AND METHODS Ibadan is the largest city in West Africa and the second largest in Africa with land size covering an area of 240 km 2 . The city is located on geographic grid reference longitude 3 0 5E, latitude 7 0 20N [14] and with an estimated population of approximately 2.8 million [15]. A total of 120 adult toads were collected from different swampy areas around the Ibadan metropolis in Southwestern Nigeria. They were handpicked from June to September, 2013 during the long rainy season from six different sitesand differentiated by sex into two groups. The sex of the toads was determined by two methods described by Goldberg et al. [10]. The first was by the colour of the throat and the second by the reproductive system. The toads were fed with insects and clean water was supplied