VOL. 9, NO. 11, NOVEMBER 2014 ISSN 1819-6608
ARPN Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences
© 2006-2014 Asian Research Publishing Network (ARPN). All rights reserved.
www.arpnjournals.com
2183
ASSESSMENT OF WATER RESOURCES UNDER CLIMATE CHANGE:
DAMODAR RIVER BASIN, INDIA
Mangolika Chatterjee, Debasri Roy, Subhasish Das and Asis Mazumdar
School of Water Resources Engineering, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
E-Mail: debasri_roy1@yahoo.co.in
ABSTRACT
This study evaluates the impact of climate change on water resources of the Damodar river basin in eastern India.
Future climate scenario has been framed based on climate projections of regional climate model PRECIS (Providing
Regional Climates for Impacts Studies) of the Hadley Centre for A1B scenario [Special Report on Emissions Scenarios
(SRES) prepared under the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change coordination (IPCC)]. A continuous daily
hydrologic model HEC-HMS (Hydrologic Engineering Centre-Hydrologic Modelling System) calibrated for the basin was
used to simulate the daily hydrological condition for baseline period 1985-1990 and future period 2014-2025. The impact
assessment has been carried out by comparing baseline and future precipitation, potential evapotranspiration (PET) and
flow regimes and also performance of the Damodar Valley Corporation (DVC) system of reservoirs. Decrease of projected
rainfall was noticed for months of July and August and increase of projected rainfall was observed for months of January
and June for all sub-basins. The projected PET values for all sub-basins were found to be higher than corresponding
baseline values during February to June and lower than corresponding baseline values for November to January. Increase
of projected flow over the corresponding baseline flow was noted for months of January and June and decrease in projected
flow was noted for the months of July and August for all sub-basins. Reliability of meeting municipal and industrial
demands was found to be 100% during the months of June to December in projected years and in baseline years for all the
reservoirs.
Keywords: climate change impact, damodar river, HEC-HMS, reliability, PRECIS model.
INTRODUCTION
Climate change is expected to create many
challenges (including water availability) worldwide and
projecting the impacts of climate change at regional scale
allows communities to be proactive in planning for the
future. South Asia in general and India in particular, are
particularly vulnerable to climate change and its adverse
socio-economic effects. Therefore, there is a need to
evaluate the impact of climate change on water resources
in India at regional and local level.
A lot of work on evaluation of impact of climate
change in water sector has been done worldwide. It was
predicted that the changes in global river flow under the
IPCC SRES A1B and A2 scenarios found from
HadGEM1-TRIP model [1]. Global climate models
(GCM), CGCM2, CSIROMk2 and HadCM3 were applied
[2] to estimate future water availability of Okanagan basin
in England. Climatologic data bases (SICLIM and
CLICOM) built by the Servicio Meteorológico Nacional
(SMN) of Mexico [3] was fed to a hydrologic model to
predict the annual volume of superficial available water in
Mexico. The climate change impact was studied on the
performance of Hirakund reservoir on the Mahanadi River
in Orissa, India [4]. It was seen that hydropower
generation [5, 6] and reliability with respect to
hydropower and irrigation to be decreased in future in
most scenarios.
The impacts of possible future climate change
scenarios were evaluated on the hydrology of the
catchment area of the Tungabhadra River, upstream of the
Tungabhadra dam [7]. The Hydrologic Engineering
Center’s Hydrologic Modeling System (HEC-HMS)
version 3.4 was used for the hydrological modeling of the
study area. Linear regression-based Statistical Down
Scaling Model (SDSM) version 4.2 was used to downscale
the daily maximum and minimum temperatures and daily
precipitation in the four sub-basins of the study area. The
large-scale climate variables for the A2 and B2 scenarios
obtained from the Hadley Centre Coupled Model version 3
were used. A regional climate model data was used from
the Ensemble-Based Predictions of Climate Changes and
their Impacts (ENSEMBLES) project to drive the
Precipitation - Runoff - Evapotranspiration - Hydrotope
(PREVAH) hydrological model in order to assess the
impact of climate change on the hydrology in the Rhine
basin in Europe [8].
An analysis was made on the potential hydro-
climatic change in the Peace River basin in the province of
British Columbia, Canada, based on two structurally
different approaches: (i) statistically downscaled global
climate models (GCMs) using the bias-corrected spatial
disaggregation (BCSD) and (ii) dynamically downscaled
GCM with the Canadian Regional Climate Model
(CRCM) [9]. Additionally, simulated hydrologic changes
from the GCM-BCSD-driven Variable Infiltration
Capacity (VIC) model were compared to the CRCM
integrated Canadian Land Surface Scheme (CLASS)
output. Overall, the GCM-BCSD-VIC approach was
reported to be the preferred approach for projecting basin-
scale future hydrologic changes, provided that it explicitly
accounted for the biases and included plausible snow and
runoff parameterizations.
This paper addresses a study on the assessment of
impact of climate change on water resources of the