Research on Chrysomelidae, Volume 2, pp. 15–30, © Koninklijke Brill, Leiden, 2009
Constraints on larval feeding morphology and selective
removal of host-plant trichomes by a monophagous cassidine
beetle
Plate 1
Danessa S. Boligon
1
, Lenice Medeiros
2
, Rosy M. S. Isaias
3
and Gilson R. P. Moreira
4
Abstract. e gross morphology of the alimentary canal of Gratiana spadicea (Klug)
(Cassidinae) larva is described, measured, and related to feeding behavior, in par-
ticular to the removal and ingestion of four types of trichomes of Solanum sisym-
briifolium Lamarck (Solanaceae). e gut is constrained by the ingestion of entire
stellate trichomes, because its lumen width is smaller than their radial length. ese
trichomes are therefore selectively removed prior to feeding. eir fragments when
ingested are packed by the peritrophic membrane (PM) that is produced in the poste-
rior portion of the midgut and shed with the feces. us, the PM protects the gut wall
from abrasion caused by the pointed apical cells of the trichomes, which protrude
into the ectoperitrophic space. e effects of morphometric constraints are more in-
tense in the early instars, and are progressively attenuated by an exponential growth
in gut width during the larval ontogeny of G. spadicea.
Keywords. Chrysomelidae, Solanaceae, Gratiana spadicea, Solanum sisymbriifolium,
insect morphology, larval feeding behavior, plant physical defenses
1. Introduction
Depending on their density, size, shape, and chemical composition, plant trichomes
may hamper movement, access to food, and even digestion by herbivorous insects
1 Departamento de Zoologia, IB, UFRGS, Av. Bento Gonçalves, 9500, Bairro Agronomia,
Porto Alegre, RS 91501-970, Brazil
2 DeBQ, UNIJUI, Rua do Comércio, 3000, Ijuí, RS 98700-000, Brazil
3 Departamento de Botânica, ICB, UFMG, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, Bairro Pampulha,
Belo Horizonte, MG 31270-910, Brazil
4 Corresponding author: Departamento de Zoologia, IB, UFRGS, Av. Bento Gonçalves,
9500, Bairro Agronomia, Porto Alegre, RS 91501-970, Brazil. gilson.moreira@ufrgs.br