256 | International Migration. 2022;60:256–260. wileyonlinelibrary.com/journal/imig
Received: 3 February 2022
|
Accepted: 4 February 2022
DOI: 10.1111/imig.12985
COMMENTARY
Understanding surveillance capitalism from the
viewpoint of migration
Dr Emre Eren Korkmaz
University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
Correspondence
Emre Korkmaz, University of Oxford, 3 Mansfield Road Oxford OX1 3TN, UK.
Email: emre.korkmaz@qeh.ox.ac.uk
INTRODUCTION
Surveillance capitalism has recently emerged as a key concept in interpretations of global technology companies’
business models as seen in Zuboff’s (2019) study analysing the transition of some Silicon Valley companies into
global monopolies within just a few decades. In this paper, I argue that this business model has turned into a
structural element of modern-day capitalism with implications for migration and border management. Through an
analysis of the technological tools being developed and used for migration and border management, the article will
help to understand the power dynamics underlying surveillance capitalism.
The tragic outputs of technological products for the management of migration and border security have re-
cently entered the agenda of the academic community and activist networks. Studies have shown companies
investing in border security and migration management, examine their lobbying activities and argue that refugees
are being used as subjects in the development of surveillance technologies (Achiume, 2020; Akkermann, 2021;
Latonero, 2019; Molnar, 2020). Analysing these, as a whole, within the scope of the surveillance capitalism pro-
vides clues of how enmeshed the interests of technology companies, military and security corporations, security
bureaucracy and governments are, (Privacy International, 2021) and the oligarchic form of these interests.
Although surveillance capitalism discussions mainly focus on the commercial and political aspects to send per-
sonalized messages to users, this paper argues that the manifestation of surveillance capitalism in migration and
border management would allow us to understand the development of new surveillance tools (lie detectors, facial
recognition systems and sensors) that would eventually affect all humanity. Therefore, this is not only related
to migrants and borders, such an analysis will illuminate which direction global capitalism is gravitating through
cutting-edge technologies and envisage the possible tech-oriented dystopic future at the end of the road.
This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial License, which permits
use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited and is not used for commercial
purposes.
© 2022 The Author. International Migration published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of International Organization for
Migration.