George Lapinlampi 1 , Jari Kaivo-oja & Jyrki Luukkanen Testing for cointegration and EKC hypothesis of GDP, energy, and carbon emissions for China, USA and EU-15 2 for the years 1971-2011 1 george.lapinlampi@gmail.com, +33782573465 2 EU-15 includes following countries: Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Portugal, Spain, Sweden and the United Kingdom.