World Journal of Environmental Pollution 1 (2): 11-15, 2011
ISSN 2222-1360
© IDOSI Publications, 2011
Corresponding Author: Adebayo O. Adegoke, Department of Medical Laboratory Science,
Rivers State University of Science and Technology, Port Harcourt, Nigeria.
Tel: +2348037103687.
11
Comparative Effects of Sugar and Gari Diets on Hepatic
Enzymes in Rats Fed Crude Oil Contaminated Diet
Braide A. Solomon, Adegoke O. Adebayo,
1 2
Bamigbowu E. Olugbenga and Ayodele B.O. Martins
3 4
Institute of Pollution Studies,
1
Department of Medical Laboratory Science,
2
Rivers State University of Science and Technology, Port Harcourt, Nigeria
Department of Chemical Pathology,
3
College of Health Science, University of Port Harcourt, Port Harcourt, Nigeria
Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology,
4
College of Health Science, University of Port Harcourt, Nigeria
Abstract: The study was carried out to separately determine the effect of sugar and gari diet on albino rats fed
crude oil contaminated diet by feeding albino rats diets contaminated with various concentrations of crude oil
mixed with 20% sugar and 20%gari .The hepatic enzymes aspartate amino transferase (AST), alanine amino
transferase (ALT), gamma glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALK PHOS) activities were
monitored in the animals. There were dose dependent decrease in enzymes activities (ALT, AST, GGT and
ALKPHOS) in Sugar and gari fed albino rats compared with their controls. There was no significant difference
in the enzymes activities between the sugar and gari fed rats .The study showed that 20%sugar and 20% gari
reduced enzyme induction caused in rats fed crude oil contaminated diet through reducing cAMP
concentrations. The reduction was not significant between the sugar and gari fed . Therefore sugar and gari
diets can repress enzymes induction through the process of glucose effect.
Key words: Glucose Effect % Sugar % Gari % Crude Oil
INTRODUCTION Goldberg [2] showed that glucose feeding causes in both
Exposure of humans and animal to crude oil, which is include inhibition of induction of several enzymes,
increasing in terms of the environmental levels and stimulation of others and blockage of most effects of
application to body, may be toxic. Crude oil is used in glucocorticods while Bostford and Harman [3] studied the
folkloric medicine in the Niger-delta area of Nigeria for the reduction of gene expression by glucose (catabolite
treatment of various ailments including stomach up-set, repression) in various microorganisms. The sugar cane is
wound and burns [1]. In several organs, mainly heart and one of the most important sucrose sources, containing
liver, cell damage is followed by increased levels of a until 20% wt sucrose [4]. The sucrose is a natural
number of cytoplasmic enzymes in the blood, a sweetener, traditionally, used in human nourishment due
phenomenon that provides the basis for clinical diagnosis to its pleasant taste, nutritious value and low cost
of heart and liver diseases e.g. liver enzymes are usually production. Sucrose hydrolysis produces a fructose and
raised in acute hepatotoxicity but tend to decrease with glucose equimolar mixture named inverted sugar, which
prolonged intoxication due to damage to the liver cells. has higher edulcorant power.
Feeding varieties of carbohydrates (Glucose, sucrose Cassava is a staple food in human diets in over 80
and fructose) to mammals and bacteria result in blocking countries [5]. Gari a starchy food prepared from cassava
the induction of many enzyme systems. Melvin and (Manihot utilisima) tubers is one of the most popular
man and microorganism profound changes in metabolism