Review Article www.jbcrs.org © 2020 Journal of Basic and Clinical Reproductive Sciences Introduction Infertility and assisted reproductive technology Infertility is a frequently common health condition that can be described as the failure of a couple to conceive a child af- ter two years of unprotected sex. Unfortunately, infertility has grown increasingly due to environmental and genetic factors, such as obesity, smoking, alcohol and drug use, as well as en- vironmental pollution. Therefore, numbers of infertile individ- uals have quickly risen past 15% of reproductive-age couples [1], Consequently, Assisted Reproduction Technology (ART), and more particularly during In-vitro Fertilization (IVF) have Pre-implementation genetics for aneuploidy interpretation in PGT-A goals indications and improve infertility outcomes, ART, and how to perform PGT-A Aya Al-Ibraheemi 1 , Mustafa Zakaria 2* , Mohamed Ennaji 3 , Senhaji R. Wassym 4 , Noureddine Louanjli 5 , Mohamed Zarqaoui 6 , Ritu S. Santwani 7 , Nisrine En-Naciri 8 , Hafda Tarik 9 and Romaissa Boutiche 10 1 Sustainary Health, Art Irifv Scientifc Research Group, England, UK 2,3,4 IRIFIV Fertility Center, Casablanca, Morocco 5,6 ART IRIFIV Scientifc Research Group, Casablanca, Morocco 7 Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, VIMS Medical College, Garjula, India 8,9 Laboratory IVF Agadir, Agadir, Morocco 10 Rotaby Fertility Center, Algiers, Algeria considered the burden of this increasing demand. These tech- nologies are becoming an increasingly more common means to conceiving a child. While IVF is an opportunity for several couples to conceive, rates of successful IVF, implementation and live birth flutter around 50%, reducing in possibility with advancing maternal age and other medical difficulties [2]. Nor- mally, embryos are picked for transfer based on morphology grading. Patient embryos usually undergo biopsy and conse- quent chromosomal analysis, in the case of recurring miscar- riages or advanced maternal age. This procedure is referred to as Preimplantation Genetic Testing for Aneuploidy (PGT- A). Corresponding Author: Mustafa Zakaria, IRIFIV Fertility Center, Casablanca, Morocco, Telephone: +467 01943817 E-mail: dr.mustafazakaria@gmail.com DOI: 10.4103/2278-960X.1945145 Received date: November 20, 2020; Accepted date: December 05, 2020; published date: December 12, 2020 Tis is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Com- mons Attribution-Non Commercial-Share A like 3.0 License,which allows oth- ers to remix, tweak, and build upon the work non-commercially,as long as the au-thor is credited and the new creations are licensed under the identical terms. For reprints contact: editor@jbcrs.org Copyright: © 2020 Al-Ibraheemi A. Tis is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidy PGT-A has been widely applied today in assisted reproductive technology treat- ments centers over the world to select the health embryos for transfer with euploid cells and to enhance clinical outcomes such as embryo implantation, clinical pregnancy, and live birth rates. The PGT-A can be performed in during an IVF cycle, after fertil- ization where a biopsy can be taken from the blastocysts to be genetically tested. PGT-A indication can be to decrease recurrent miscarriage, increase the pregnancy rate in advance maternal age, and increase single embryo transfer. This review also demon- strates new PGT-A method which is called non-invasive PGT-A, to prevent the embryo development distracting and removing extra cells from the embryo, through analyzing leaked DNA. Keywords: Infertility and ART • PGT and PGT-A • How to perform PGT-A • Blastocytes biopsy steps • PGT-A goals/indication • PGT-A interpretation • Non-invasive PGT-A Abbreviations: IVF: In-vitro Fertilization; ICSI: Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection; ART: Assisted Reproduction Technology; PGT- A: Preimplantation Genetic Testing for Aneuploidy; PGT-SR: Chromosomal Structural Rearrangements; PGT-M: Preimplantation Genetic Testing for Monogenic; FISH: Fluorescence In-situ Hybridisation, PCR: Polymerase Chain Reaction, RIF: Recurrent Implan- tation Failure, AMA: Advanced Maternal Age; RM: Recurrent Miscarriage; SET: Single Embryo Transfer; KS: Klinefelter Syndrome; SMF: Severe Male Factor; TE: Trophectoderm; niPGT-A: Noninvasive Preimplantation Genetic Testing for Aneuploidy; ESHRE: European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology ABSTRACT