Putting Promotion Into Practice: The African
Americans Building a Legacy of Health
Organizational Wellness Program
Antronette K. Yancey, MD, MPH
Lavonna Blair Lewis, PhD
Joyce Jones Guinyard, DC
David C. Sloane, PhD
Lori Miller Nascimento, MPH
Lark Galloway-Gilliam
Allison L. Diamant, MD, MSHS
William J. McCarthy, PhD
O
besity is pervasive in our postmodern environ-
ment that daily presents us with a smorgasbord of
aggressively advertised, highly palatable, energy-
dense but nutrient-poor foods and in which most obliga-
tory physical activity has been engineered out of our lives
(e.g., French, Story, & Jeffery, 2001). For this reason, little
sustainable weight-related lifestyle change has been pro-
duced by individually targeted interventions, despite
their highly motivated, relatively affluent, and largely
White volunteer study samples (e.g., Jeffery et al., 2000;
Swinburn, Gill, & Kumanyika, 2005). In communities of
color, obesity rates are higher and have increased at a
greater rate in recent years than among Whites. This may
be attributed, in part, to a proliferation of targeted adver-
tising and fast food outlets, few supermarkets or healthy
dining options, and recreational opportunities limited by
unsafe neighborhoods and a dearth of parks, walking or
biking lanes, or paths (Estabrooks, Lee, & Gyurcsik, 2003;
Lewis, Wells, & Ware, 1986; Powell, Slater, & Chaloupka,
2004; Sloane et al., 2003).
Population-based obesity control, in which environ-
mental change is targeted along with individual lifestyle
change, is in its infancy compared with tobacco control
(Matson-Koffman, Brownstein, Neiner, & Greaney, 2005;
Mercer et al., 2003), a model of public health success in
social norm and legislative policy change. The impetus
for societal investment in these obesity control approaches
A Los Angeles REACH demonstration project led by
Community Health Councils, Inc. adapted and imple-
mented an organizational wellness intervention orig-
inally developed by the local health department,
providing training in incorporating physical activity
and healthy food choices into the routine “conduct of
business” in 35 predominantly public and private, non-
profit-sector agencies. A total of 700 staff, members, or
clients completed the 12-week or subsequently retooled
6-week curriculum. Attendance and retention rates
between baseline and postintervention assessments
were improved substantially in the shortened offering.
Feelings of sadness or depression decreased signifi-
cantly (p = .00), fruit and vegetable intake increased
significantly (+0.5 servings/day, p = .00), and body
mass index decreased marginally (–0.5 kg/m
2
, p = .08)
among 12-week participants. The numbers of days in
which individuals participated in vigorous physical
activity increased significantly among 6-week partici-
pants (+0.3, p = .00). This model holds promise for
extending the reach of environmentally focused work-
site wellness programming to organizations and at-risk
populations not traditionally engaged by such efforts.
Keywords: lifestyle change; work site; workplace policy;
practice; physical activity; nutrition; exercise;
community-based participatory research
Health Promotion Practice
Supplement to July 2006 Vol. 7, No. 3, 233S-246S
DOI: 10.1177/1524839906288696
©2006 Society for Public Health Education
Authors’ Note: The authors wish to thank Cindy Benitez, Nicole
Evans, Gwendolyn Flynn, Forrest Fykes, Eloise Gonzales, Adisa
Griffin, Larry Henderson, Jonathan Nomachi, Danielle Osby, Angela
Raines, Jacqueline Stiles, and Mark Weber for their contributions
to the conduct of this research or the writing of this article.
233S