IMPROVING BULK POWER SYSTEM RESILIENCE BY RANKING CRITICAL
NODES IN THE VULNERABILITY GRAPH
Md Ariful Haque
Department of Modeling, Simulation
& Visualization Engineering
Old Dominion University
5115 Hampton Blvd
Norfolk, VA, USA
mhaqu001@odu.edu
Sachin Shetty
Virginia Modeling Analysis
and Simulation Center
Old Dominion University
1030 University Blvd
Suffolk, VA, USA
sshetty@odu.edu
Gael Kamdem
Virginia Modeling Analysis
and Simulation Center
Old Dominion University
1030 University Blvd
Suffolk, VA, USA
gdeteyou@odu.edu
SpringSim-ANSS, 2018 April 15-18, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; ©2018 Society for Modeling & Simulation International (SCS)
ABSTRACT
This paper focuses on the resilience quantification and critical node identification which can be applicable
to Bulk Power System (BPS). The Industrial Control System (ICS) is an integral part of the BPS. The
ICS itself is not vulnerable because of its proprietary technology. But when the control network and the
corporate network need to have communications to ICS for performance measurements and reporting, the
ICS become vulnerable to cyberattacks. Considering the need for developing an algorithm to improve the
resilience of a target network, we are proposing an MADM (Multiple Attribute Decision Making) based
ranking algorithm using a multi-layered directed acyclic graph (DAG) model. The node ranking process can
facilitate to harden the network from vulnerabilities and threats by ranking the critical nodes in the network.
Our proposed MVNRank (Multiple Vulnerability Node Rank) algorithm takes into account asset value of the
network nodes. Some of the other factors that are being considered for the formulation of the algorithm are
exploit scores and impact scores of vulnerabilities as quantified by CVSS (Common Vulnerability Scoring
System), the total number of vulnerabilities that a host may have and severity level of each vulnerability.
The algorithm also takes into account the degree centrality of the nodes and attacker’s distance from the
target node in the vulnerability graph. Simulation results show that the ranking can be used to identify the
critical network elements which can contribute to resilience improvement process of the BPS.
Keywords: Bulk Power System, Node Ranking Algorithm, Vulnerability Graph, Cyberattack
Author copy. Accepted for publication. Do not distribute.