Jurnal Sosial Humaniora (JSH)
2020, Volume 13, Ed.2
ISSN Online: 2443-3527
ISSN Print: 1979-5521
190 - JSH
Gas Price Policy Analysis for Fertilizer Industries in Indonesia
Based on Netback from Final Product
Erwan Hermawan
1
, Widodo Wahyu Purwanto
2
1,2
Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Indonesia, Depok 16424,
Indonesia.
1
erwan.hermawan@ui.ac.id
2
widodo@che.ui.ac.id
Received: 03/09/2020.
Reviewed: 18/11/2020.
Published: 31/12/2020.
Copyright ©2020 by the author (et al) and Jurnal
Sosial Humaniora (JSH)
*This work is licensed under the Creative
Commons Attribution International License (CC
BY 4.0).
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Subject Area: Economic
Abstract
The industrial sector has an important role in the Indonesian economy. The
problem facing the fertilizer industry is the price of gas as a raw material that
tends to be expensive for the lower prices of crude oil since 2016. To overcome
this problem the government issued Presidential Regulation No. 40/2016 on
setting gas prices for the fertilizer industry but this regulation only sets floor
gas prices at USD 6/MMBTU to secure revenues of gas producers.
Meanwhile, the current sale gas contract for fertilizer applies an escalation.
The objectives of this study are to evaluate the netback value of each fertilizer
plant and assess the current gas price policy. The netback value is calculated
based on the long-run marginal cost of urea production. The result shows that
PKT 04 and PKT 05, Pusri 1B, 2B, 3, and 4, PKC 1A and 1B, and PKG have
lower netback value than gas price contract, except for PKT plant based on
average has the highest netback value, because they use pricing mechanism
that linked to oil and product price. From this calculation the current gas
price policy needs to be adjusted to keep the fertilizer industry profitably..
Keywords: Gas price policy; netback value; fertilizer
Introduction
The industrial sector has an important role for the Indonesian economy. In 2017 Indonesian GDP for
the manufacturing and non-processing industries contributed around 38.2% from Indonesia's total GDP
around Rp. 995 trillion. The fertilizer, petrochemical, and oleo chemical industries contributed around Rp.
248 trillion (Airlangga, 2016). The problem facing the industry today is that domestic gas prices tend to be
expensive. The impact of this situation is high cost of production especially the industry using natural gas
as feedstock. Share of feedstock for fertilizer and petrochemical production costs is around 70%. The high
gas price is because the gas gas price contract uses is a fixed price mechanism with escalation, so gas prices
tend to increase even though oil prices are down.
To overcome natural gas prices problem, the government issued Presidential Regulation No. 40/2016
concerning gas pricing. In this regulation gas prices are regulated for seven main industries, including
fertilizer industry. The derivative regulation is Minister of Energy and Mineral Resources Regulation No.
16/2016 concerning gas pricing for certain industries, which is the floor price for gas contract at USD