Cardiovascular Cardiometabolic Journal (2021) 3, 16-22 https://e-journal.unair.ac.id/CCJ © 2021 Cardiovascular Cardiometabolic Journal E-mail: ccj@journal.unair.ac.id ABSTRACT Background. Atherosclerosis is a problem of cardiovascular disease. Consuming food containing excessive fat is a risk factor for atherosclerosis. Soy milk has been studied for its isoflavones which has antihyperlipidemic effect on the development of atherosclerosis. The aim of this study was to find out the effect of soy milk (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) administration on aortic’s histopathology profile (the length of wall thickness and number of foam cells) in male white rats (Rattus norvegicus) which were given the atherogenic diet that consists of goat’s fat and quail egg yolk. Material and Methods. A total of 30 rats were used in the true laboratory experiment which were distributed into 5 groups (n=6) using post-test only design, there were a normal diet group, an atherogenic diet group, an atherogenic and simvastatin 10 mg group, and another 2 groups that were given an atherogenic diet with soy milk doses variation of 12.5 g and 25 g respectively. Aortic’s histopathology was prepared with the paraffin method and stained with Hematoxylin-Eosin. Results. ANOVA test showed that soy milk variation dose was significantly (p<0.05) reduce the aortic wall thickness and foam cell. Original Research Anti-Atherosclerosis Effect of Soy Milk in Rats Fed an Atherogenic Diet Fauzan Azima 1 1 Syiah Kuala University, Indonesia. Introduction Atherosclerosis is a progressive inflammatory response to blood vessel injury. The formation of atherosclerotic lesions is characterized by the accumulation of fat, foam cells, platelet aggregation, proliferation and migration of smooth muscle cells that cause the thickening and hardening of the artery walls. It results in the stiffness and brittleness of the arteries. [1,2] The most influencing risk factor of atherosclerosis formation is hyperlipidemia [3,4] . Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) has validity as a predictor of cardiovascular disease. The presence of LDL in the bloodstream can penetrate the artery wall's endothelium and undergo oxidation, becoming oxidized LDL (Ox-LDL) [1,5] . Then the Ox-LDL will be endocytosed by macrophages through the scavenger receptors to become foam cells, and then it will form fatty streaks [6] . The continuous accumulation of fat will induce myocyte proliferation, extracellular matrix synthesis, and fibrosis tissue formation [1] . Atherosclerotic plaque blockage in the coronary arteries is the cause of coronary heart disease (CHD). [7] Cardiovascular diseases are the top cause of death globally, with an estimated of 17.9 million people died in 2016, and 85% of these are due to heart attack and stroke. The 2016 Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics Update of the American Heart ARTICLE INFO Article history: Submitted Reviewed January 2021 Accepted February 2021 Available online March 2021 *Corresponding author: fazima1996@gmail.com Keywords: Atherosclerosis Aortic wall thickness Foam cells Histopathology Soy Milk