International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR) ISSN: 2319-7064 SJIF (2019): 7.583 Volume 10 Issue 3, March 2021 www.ijsr.net Licensed Under Creative Commons Attribution CC BY In Vitro Callus Induction studies in Salvadora persica L. Pramod Fuke 1 , Sangeeta Ahuja 2 , Narayan B Pandhure 3 1 Research scholar, Department of Botany, Maulana Azad College, Aurangabad, India Corresponding author: fuke.pramod[at]gmail.com 2 Professor, Department Botany, Sir Sayyed College, Aurangabad, India 3 Professor, Department of Botany, Tissue Culture Laboratory, Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Marathwada University Aurangabad-431005, India Abstract: Present investigation has been focused on efficient in vitrocallus induction protocol for Salvadora persica L. plant. Leaf, stem node and shoot tip explants from healthy plant were used as source of explant for callus induction. Maximum callus proliferation was obtained on Murashige and skoog medium supplemented with 2, 4D. Callus induction differs according to nature of explant and concentration of growth hormone used. At the concentration of 1.0 mg/L of 2, 4 D massive callus was achieved using leaf as an explant whereas same result was achieved at the concentration of 1.5 mg/L and 2.5 mg/L concentration of 2, 4 D using stem node and shoot tip explant respectively. Three weeks old callus was used for shoot regeneration. Keywords: Salvadora persica L, callus cultures, Miswak, organogenesis, halophyte, salt tolerance 1. Introduction Salvadora persica L. (Miswak) belongs to family Salvadoraceae is a facultative halophyte, because it occurs in both nonsaline to very highly saline habitat. It is a potential source for seed oil and identified as a predominant species in highly saline habitats of coastal and inland black soils. The tender twigs, leaves and roots have many pharmaceutical applications as they contain salvadoricine, salvadourea, di- benzyl thiourea, Rutin, quercetin, trim ethylamine, thioglucoside, Potash, chloine etc. (Dr. Sujata Mathur., 2013). The tissue culture technique is widely used for sustainable conservation and utilization of valuable secondary metabolites in rare and endangered medicinal plants, particularly those with difficulties in their traditional propagation, such as S. persica L. Traditionally, the plant is employed in folk medicine for oral hygiene, dental care, cough, asthma, scurvy, rheumatism, ulcers, and piles curing (Manar S. Fouda., 2021). Medicinal and chemical properties Miswak (S. persica L.) is one of the most commonly used medicinal plants for oral hygiene among global Muslim community. S. persica L. is found to be a multipurpose plant and possesses several Agro-pharmaceutical applications. Toothbrushes prepared from the roots and small branches of S. persica L. to be highly useful as maintainer of teeth. Plant possesses anti-microbial, anti-plaque, aphrodisiac, alexiteric, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, anti-pyretic, astringent, diuretic and bitter stomachic activities. It has great medicinal use in the treatment of nose troubles, piles, scabies, leucoderma, scurvy, gonorrhea, boils and toothache, to treat hook worm, venereal diseases, for teeth cleaning, in rheumatism, cough and asthma, to lower cholesterol plasma levels, reestablishment of the components of gastric mucosa, and as a laxative. Showed that the dental loss in adults is very low in the countries where Miswak is used widely. S. persica L. seed oil is useful for the treatment of some skin diseases and joint pain also reported that the plant extract itself has an analgesic effect against heat stimuli, but not the chemical stimuli. In Greco-Arab system of medicine, the fermented juice prepared from the fresh fruits is a strong aphrodisiac agent, and is also used as general body tonic. (Hilal Ahmad and RajagopalK., 2013).S. persica L. have different biological properties, including significant antibacterial, antifungal and anti-plasmodial effects. Phytochemical investigation revealed that it contains alkaloids, glycosides, flavonoids, carbohydrates, tannins, saponins and steroids. It also contains oleic, linoleic, stearic acids, esters of fatty acids and aromatic acids, and some terpenoids. The major components from the essential oil of S. persica L. stem have been identified as 1, 8-cineole (eucalyptol) (46%), α-caryophellene (13.4%), β-pinene (6.3%), and 9-epi-(E)-caryophellene. The analysis of the volatile oil extracted from S. persica L. leaves revealed benzyl nitrile, eugenol, thymol, isothymol, eucalyptol, isoterpinolene, and β-caryophyllene as important constituents. (Abhishek Gupta., 2015). 2. Materials and Methods Surface sterilization of explant: Explants leaves and stem node were collected from different localities ofAurangabad region. All explants were washed with tap water twice in laboratory, followed by 70% ethanol for 30seconds and then surface sterilized of with HgCl 2 . Surface sterilization of explant was carried out in laminar air flow. Explants were rinsed with sterile distilled water followed by 0.3% Mercuric chloride (HgCl 2 ). Finally, all these explants were dissected in to small pieces and inoculated on MS medium aseptically. Paper ID: SR21312194946 DOI: 10.21275/SR21312194946 976