ORIGINAL PAPERS
Family Medicine & Primary Care Review 2021; 23(2): 169–173
© Copyright by Wydawnictwo Contnuo
Organizaton of volunteers in the healthcare system
and the type of services provided by them during
the COVID-19 pandemic
Peygham heidarPoor
1, F
, mahmood maniati
2, B
, maria Cheraghi
3, A, D
,
ORCID ID: 0000-0002-6628-8786
maryam BeheshtinasaB
4, B, E
, Poorandokht afshari
5, C–E
ORCID ID: 0000-0002-3383-9908
1
Virtual School of Medical Educaton and Management, Shahid Behesht University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
2
School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
3
Department of Social Dentstry and Oral Health, School of Dentstry, Social Determinant of Health Research
Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
4
School of Nursing and Midwifery, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
5
Reproductve Health Promoton Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
A – Study Design, B – Data Collecton, C – Statstcal Analysis, D – Data Interpretaton, E – Manuscript Preparaton, F – Literature
search, G – Funds Collecton
Background. In the event of accidents and disasters, the presence of volunteers, if not organized, can sometmes worsen
the situaton instead of improving it.
Objectves. This research was aimed at the ways of organizing volunteers in the healthcare system during the COVID-19 pandemic in
the southwest of Iran.
Material and method. This questonnaire-based descriptve study was conducted on 140 volunteer health workers either actve in pro-
viding services to COVID-19 patents or on the waitng list. The partcipants were selected using convenience sampling. They completed
the informaton form, which was analyzed afer collecton using SPSS version 22.
Results. The 140 volunteers’ mean age was 32.5 with a standard deviaton of 7.5. Of these volunteers, 62.1% had volunteered to serve
since the frst days of the outbreak. According to the partcipants of this study, the management of volunteers was spontaneous under
the supervision of the ofcial and state system, and the vast majority of them considered the ofcial healthcare system’s recepton of
volunteers as positve but saw the bureaucracy as a major obstacle to recruitng volunteers, especially nursing and midwifery gradu-
ates. Finally, the partcipants’ motve for volunteering was found to be a sense of personal responsibility and human duty.
Conclusions. Proper planning, organizaton and management of volunteers in an epidemic situaton should be taken into account by
healthcare ofcials in order to receive the highest efciency in tmes of crises such as the COVID-19 pandemic.
Key words: delivery of health care, volunteers, COVID-19, pandemics.
Summary
ISSN 1734-3402, eISSN 2449-8580
This is an Open Access artcle distributed under the terms of the Creatve Commons Atributon-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 Internatonal
(CC BY-NC-SA 4.0). License (htp://creatvecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/).
Heidarpoor P, Maniat M, Cheraghi M, Beheshtnasab M, Afshari P. Organizaton of volunteers in the healthcare system and the type of
services provided by them during the COVID-19 pandemic. Fam Med Prim Care Rev 2021; 23(2): 169–173, doi: https://doi.org/10.5114/
fmpcr.2021.105909.
https://doi.org/10.5114/fmpcr.2021.105909
Background
Several cases of pneumonia reported in December 2019 in
Wuhan, Hubei Province, China, now known as COVID-19 [1],
caused a pandemic. Initally, a hospital in Washington state
predicted that with the rising trend in the number of patents,
there may not be enough ventlaton equipment. In Michigan,
the hospital system warned that the increased number of pa-
tents beyond hospital capacity could lead to only some patents
selectvely being provided full services [2]. In Iran, this situaton
has caused some medical universites to declare that they need
the help of the public, especially professionals from medical and
allied health sciences, nurses, operatng room and anesthesia
technicians, etc., for beter performance, despite using all their
power and capacity to solve this problem [3]. A closer look at
the results of surveys around the world shows that if a natural
disaster strikes a community, people feel the need to do some-
thing to help those afected by the situaton. This is evidence of
the dynamic attude in society towards a natural disaster [4].
During Hurricane Katrina in the United States, for example, the
Red Cross alone recruited 50,000 volunteers. It is estmated that
two million people helped during the 1985 Mexico City earth-
quake, though most of them had litle informaton about the
crisis, which can create challenges for relief services and recov-
ery from a crisis [5]. The presence of local volunteers during an
accident is partcularly important, because they are ofen the
frst respondents and have the best chance of saving lives and
providing protecton in the hours and days immediately afer
a disaster [6].
The Internatonal Federaton of Red Cross and the Red
Crescent Society defnes voluntary service as follows: “Volun-
tary services are services that volunteers perform voluntarily
and not because of any social, economic and politcal factors
imposed on them, and the purpose of which is to provide ser-
vices to the vulnerable people of the society and not to gain
material benefts” [7]. Volunteers are divided into two general
categories of employed volunteers and spontaneous volunteers
[8]. Another type of volunteer is the digital volunteer, whose
role has rapidly become important in critcal events [9]. These
people use a variety of methods to provide informaton. Most
studies suggest that this is done through Twiter services, but in