Journal of Material Science and Mechanical Engineering (JMSME)
p-ISSN: 2393-9095; e-ISSN: 2393-9109; Volume 2, Issue 13; October-December, 2015 pp. 66-70
© Krishi Sanskriti Publications
http://www.krishisanskriti.org/Publication.html
An Experimental Investigation and Performance
Evaluation of VCRS system by Varying Mass
Flow Rate and Ambient Temperature of
Refrigerants R-12 and R-134a
Taliv Hussain
1
, Sameen Mustafa
2
, Akeel Ahmed
3
, Afroj Ali
4
and Sohail Anwer
5
1
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh
2,3,4,5
Student, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh
E-mail:
1
talivamu@gmail.com,
2
sameenmustafa4@gmail.com
Abstract—From a long time improving COP of vapour compression
refrigeration system and optimising its performance has been a
major challenge for the engineers. Now we are trying to solve the
problem by capacity modulation (variable refrigerant flow)
technique. In this paper we worked on two different refrigerants at
two different ambient temperatures, one being 25
°
C and the other
30°C. The first refrigerant was R-12 and the second was R-134a.
Each of the refrigrants had two different mass flow rates as
0.0028kg/s and 0.0053kg/s. For R-12 the COP was found to be 2.66
and 2.19 at ambient temperatures of 25
°
C and 30
°
C respectively
corresponding to mass flow rate of .0028 kg/sec. Similarly the COP
was found to be 3.30 and 2.64 at ambient temperatures of 25
°
C and
30
°
C respectively for mass flow rate of .0053 kg/sec.
For refrigerant R-134a the COP was found to be 2.30 and 1.93 at
ambient temperatures 25
°
C and 30
°
C respectively corresponding to
flow mass rate .0028 kg/sec. Similarly the COP was found to be 2.72
and 2.43 at ambient temperatures 25
°
C and 30
°
C respectively for
mass flow rate .0053kg/sec. Hence it was observed that the COP
increased with increasing the mass flow rate of the refrigerant. Also,
at the same mass flow rate and same ambient temperature COP of R-
12 was found to be better than COP of R-134a.
Keyword: Vapour Compression Refrigeration System, variable
refrigerant flow rate, air cooled condenser, COP, refrigerants (R-12
& R-134a).
1. INTRODUCTION
Refrigeration is the science of producing and maintaining
temperatures below that of the surrounding atmosphere, this
means removing of heat from a substance which is to be
cooled. Refrigeration or air conditioning is a kind of heat
pump whose function is to remove heat from a lower
temperature. Out of all refrigeration systems the vapour
compression refrigeration system (VCRS) from the view point
of commercial and domestic utility, it is the most practical
form of refrigeration.
In this paper we are using two different refrigerants R-12 and
R-134a. Here, we are mainly focusing on flow rate of
refrigerants, by controlling the mass flow rate (capacity
modulation technique) we are trying to enhance the
performance of VCRS system and reducing the power
consumption. Nowadays capacity modulation technique is
emerging trend in the air conditioning industry for both
residential and commercial application. There are two
technologies that can provide capacity modulation inverter and
digital scroll.
For R-12 with the increase in refrigerant mass flow rate, there
is increase in COP of about 24%. And for R-134a with the
increase in refrigerant mass flow rate there is increase in COP
of about 18% which further decreases the power consumption.
Wang and Hihara (2003) [1] proposed an equivalent dry-bulb
temperature (EDT) method to analyse the cooling and
dehumidifying performance of refrigeration and air-
conditioning systems. This method could predict the totally
dry, wet and partially wet cooling modes. The simulation
model was validated by experimental data and the deviation
was found to be within 10%.
Ma et al (2005) [2] conducted the experiments and developed
a correlation to predict the mass flow co-efficient for the flow
of refrigerantsR22, R407C and R410A through EEVs of six
different geometries made of copper. By choosing the
parameters such as EEV head geometry, EEV inlet conditions,
EEV outlet conditions and refrigerant properties and using
Buckingham pi Theorem, the correlations for the refrigerant
mass flow coefficient (CD) for EEV was predicted. The
performance of the EEVs with several half taper and inner
diameter combinations for R22 and its alternatives R407C and
R 410 A were experimentally investigated. The mass flow
rates of R407C are greater by 4.25 %, and those of R410A are
greater by 22.70 % on average, than those of R22. R410A