Research Article Dietary Total Antioxidant Capacity and Dietary Polyphenol Intake and Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome in Polish Adults: A Nationwide Study Małgorzata Elżbieta Zujko , 1 Anna Waśkiewicz , 2 Anna Maria Witkowska , 1 Danuta Szcześniewska, 2 Tomasz Zdrojewski, 3 Krystyna Kozakiewicz, 4 and Wojciech Drygas 2,5 1 Department of Food Biotechnology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland 2 Department of Epidemiology, Cardiovascular Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Institute of Cardiology, Warsaw, Poland 3 Department of Prevention and Education and Department of Hypertension and Diabetology, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland 4 3rd Department of Cardiology, Upper Silesian Centre of Cardiology, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland 5 Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland Correspondence should be addressed to Małgorzata Elżbieta Zujko; malgorzata.zujko@umb.edu.pl Received 13 October 2017; Revised 28 January 2018; Accepted 18 February 2018; Published 26 March 2018 Academic Editor: Luis A. Videla Copyright © 2018 Małgorzata Elżbieta Zujko et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Specific classes and subclasses of polyphenols have been studied for their potential effects on noncommunicable diseases, but studies on association between dietary polyphenol intake (DPI) and dietary total antioxidant capacity (DTAC) and MetS (metabolic syndrome) are scarce. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine associations between DTAC and DPI and the prevalence of MetS and its components in the Polish adult population. Subjects (5690) were participants of the Polish National Multicentre Health Examination Survey (WOBASZ II study) performed in 2013-2014. MetS was defined according to the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) and the American Heart Association/National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (AHA/NHLBI) criteria. Daily food consumption was assessed by 24-hour dietary recall. DTAC and DPI were evaluated using the data of food consumption and antioxidant potential of foods, measured by FRAP (ferric reducing antioxidant potential) method, and total polyphenol content in foods, measured by Folin-Ciocalteu assay. Logistic regression models were used to assess the relationship between DTAC and DPI and MetS and its components. Crude, age-adjusted, and multivariable-adjusted models were performed. This study demonstrated that in Polish women, high DPI and high DTAC were significantly associated with a reduced odds ratio for the prevalence of MetS components, such as elevated blood pressure and diabetes. In contrast, in men, high DPI and high DTAC did not have the potential to alleviate MetS components. 1. Introduction Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a clustering of risk factors, such as central obesity, elevated fasting glucose, elevated triglycerides, reduced high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and elevated blood pressure, that together culminate in the increased risk of diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM2) and cardiovascular disease (CVD). The first formalized defini- tion of MetS was proposed in 1998 by the World Health Organization (WHO) [1]. Over the past years, various diagnostic criteria have been presented by different organi- zations. Most recently, these have come from the Interna- tional Diabetes Federation (IDF) and the American Heart Association/National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (AHA/NHLBI) [2]. The prevalence of MetS varies widely across population and depends on several factors, such as age, gender, socioeco- nomic status, education level, and lifestyle [3–5]. MetS is Hindawi Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity Volume 2018, Article ID 7487816, 10 pages https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/7487816