Pharmacophore, 8(6S) 2017, e-1173644, Pages 8 Pharmacophore ISSN-2229-5402 Journal home page: http://www.pharmacophorejournal.com Corresponding Author: Behrooz Rezaei, Assistant Professor, PhD of Health Services Management, Nursing & Midwifery Faculty, Falavarjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran. E-mail: beh.rezaei@gmail.com. MEASURING PATIENT SAFETY CULTURE IN A UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL FROM THE VIEWPOINTS OF REGISTERED NURSES: A DESCRIPTIVE CROSS SECTIONAL STUDY Marziyeh Jafarpanah 1 , Behrooz Rezaei 2* 1. MS, Nursing and Midwifery Faculty, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran. 2. Assistant Professor, PhD of Health Services Management, Nursing & Midwifery Faculty, Falavarjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Received: 03 th Jun 2017 Accepted: 29 th Nov 2017 Available online: 14 th Dec 2017 Keywords: Patient Safety, Patient Safety Culture, Registered Nurses (RN), University Hospital Introduction: Creating safety culture (SC) is the most important step in guaranteeing and improving patient safety (PS) and the first step in improving PS is assessing the SC of the hospitals. The purpose of the present study was to examine the aspects of patient safety-culture and to identify its strengths and weaknesses of from the nurses' perspective. Method: The study was descriptive cross-sectional. The sample was 214 people selected using Cochran formula and convenient sampling from among the nurses working in the largest university hospital in Kermanshah, west Iran. Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culure (HSOPSC) and personal information inventory were used to collect data. Data were analyzed using the Mann- Whitney Test, Kruskal–Wallis Test with the help of SPSS 19 at the significance level of 0.05. Results: The total mean of the positive response rate of SC was 48.93 ± 14.07. The organizational learning area had the highest positive rating. The SC in the areas of giving feedback to errors, the frequency of reporting events, staff-related work issues, open communication channels, and non- punitive responses to errors had less than 50% points and needed serious intervention for promotion. Moreover, during the last year, 68.5% of nurses had no reports of any errors. SC scores had no significant correlation with individual variables of the nurses. Conclusion: Patient safety culture (PSC) does not enjoy a good status in the studied hospital from the nurses' perspectives and needs planning and interventions of the hospital management for improvement of patient safety. Regarding this, systemic dealing with the events, creating non- punitive culture concerning errors, attention to solving employees' problems, and creating open communication between managers and employees must be given priority in management interventions. Copyright © 2013 - All Rights Reserved - Pharmacophore To Cite This Article: Marziyeh Jafarpanah, Behrooz Rezaei * , (2017), “Measuring Patient Safety Culture in A University Hospital from the Viewpoints of registered nurses: A descriptive cross sectional study”, Pharmacophore, 8(6S), e-1173644. Introduction Of the critical points in health care system is service quality, and PS is of its most important components [1]. PS refers to prevention and reduction of adverse events that might harm the patients during service provision [2]. Treatment measures are of the most critical activities in service delivery. According to the World Health Organization, tens of millions of people die or suffer a disability annually due to clinical errors and unsafe treatment processes. However, 50 to 70% of these injuries could be prevented and moderated [3]. This has rendered PS to be discussed as one of the global health concerns [4]. Given the importance of patient safety, several models have been proposed to improve it, one of which is the National PS Agency (NPSA) of England, where creating SC is the first step in achieving PS [5]. Nowadays, attention to SC has been widely considered by care organizations [6]. The SC comes from the values, attitudes and behaviors of the staff and the style of the health and safety program of a health care organization concerning the safety of patients [7]. PSC can be defined as the adoption and the use of PS as the first priority and value in the organization [8]. SC is the builder of the key condition for