Research Article Understanding the Activation of Platelets in Diabetes and Its Modulation by Allyl Methyl Sulfide, an Active Metabolite of Garlic Navya Malladi , 1 Ebin Johny , 2 Shravan K. Uppulapu , 1 Vikas Tiwari , 1 Md Jahangir Alam , 1 Ramu Adela , 2 and Sanjay K. Banerjee 1 1 Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Guwahati, 781101 Assam, India 2 Department of Pharmacy Practice, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Guwahati, 781101 Assam, India Correspondence should be addressed to Sanjay K. Banerjee; skbanerjee@thsti.res.in Received 5 August 2021; Accepted 22 September 2021; Published 19 October 2021 Academic Editor: Andrea Scaramuzza Copyright © 2021 Navya Malladi et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Background. Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder associated with higher risk of having cardiovascular disease. Platelets play a promising role in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular complications in diabetes. Since last several decades, garlic and its bioactive components are extensively studied in diabetes and its complications. Our aim was to explore the antiplatelet property of allyl methyl sulfide (AMS) focusing on ameliorating platelet activation in diabetes. Method. We used streptozotocin- (STZ-) induced diabetic rats as model for type 1 diabetes. We have evaluated the effect of allyl methyl sulfide on platelet activation by administrating AMS to diabetic rats for 10 weeks. Flow cytometry-based analysis was used to evaluate the platelet activation, platelet aggregation, platelet macrophage interaction, and endogenous ROS generation in the platelets obtained from control, diabetes, and AMS- and aspirin-treated diabetic rats. Results. AMS treatment for 10 weeks effectively reduced the blood glucose levels in diabetic rats. Three weeks of AMS (50 mg/kg/day) treatment did not reduce the activation of platelets but a significant (p <0:05) decrease was observed after 10 weeks of treatment. Oral administration of AMS significantly (p <0:05) reduced the baseline and also reduced ADP-induced aggregation of platelets after 3 and 10 weeks of treatment. Furthermore, 10 weeks of AMS treatment in diabetic rats attenuated the endogenous ROS content (p <0:05) of platelets and platelet macrophage interactions. The inhibition of platelet activation in diabetic rats after AMS treatment was comparable with aspirin treatment (30 mg/kg/day). Conclusion. We observed an inhibitory effect of allyl methyl sulfide on platelet aggregation, platelet activation, platelet macrophage interaction, and increased ROS levels in type 1 diabetes. Our data suggests that AMS can be useful to control cardiovascular complication in diabetes via inhibition of platelet activation. 1. Introduction Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the chronic and complex disorders among all metabolic diseases. “Diabetes mellitus” is characterized by persistent hyperglycemia with distur- bances of carbohydrate, fat, and protein metabolism resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both. Changes in lifestyle and rapid urbanization have increased the incidence of diabetes and its prevalence day by day. According to the International Diabetes Federation (IDF), 463 million adults (20–79-year age) are diabetic in the year 2019 with a record of 4.2 million deaths. Further, IDF inter- prets that there could be still more diabetic patients by the years 2030 and 2045 with an estimation of 578.4 and 700.2 million cases, respectively [1]. Type 1 diabetes is a condition that resulted from insuffi- cient production of insulin by the pancreas while type 2 is due to improper utilization of produced insulin and ulti- mately leads to higher glucose levels in the circulatory sys- tem [2]. Both type 1 and type 2 diabetes require careful monitoring and control of blood glucose levels, if not this uncontrolled condition over time may root to several com- plications including cardiovascular disease (CVD). Cardio- vascular complications in diabetes occurring as the disease progresses and leads to premature mortality [3–5]. IDF has suggested that diabetic patients are having 2-3 times more Hindawi Journal of Diabetes Research Volume 2021, Article ID 6404438, 12 pages https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/6404438