Open Access Maced J Med Sci. 2020 Jun 15; 8(E):419-424. 419
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Hospitals have potential hazards that increase the incidence of accidents or occupational diseases.
AIM: This study aims to analyze occupational safety and health (OSH) risks in waste management regarding the
behavior of hospital health provider.
METHODS: This is an explanatory research with a cross-sectional design. The population were all health providers
and janitors in hospital. Random sampling technique was chosen to obtain the study sample. Data was collected
from observation and interview regarding waste disposal including solid waste and sharp objects. It analyzed using
descriptive statistic.
RESULTS: The results found that health providers had a poor behavior in managing waste such as disposing
garbage not in accordance with the predetermined containers provided by the hospital management, mixing
infectious waste with sharp objects, and did not care to dispose garbage at the designated place while disregarding
the corresponding waste containers.
CONCLUSIONS: The potential risk of accidents were very high for janitors, specifcally in the extreme risk category.
We recommend to increase the OSH standard procedure for janitors. Here, the hospital prepares special red garbage
with Marca of needle stick injuries to help janitor classify the infectious waste.
Edited by: Sasho Stoleski
Citation: Nasution AD, Mahyuni EL. Hospital Health
Provider Behavior in Waste Application Based on
Occupational Safety and Health Analysis. Open Access
Maced J Med Sci. 2020 Jun 15; 8(E):419-424. https://doi.
org/10.3889/oamjms.2020.4359
Keywords: Hazard; Risk; Behavior; Waste; Injuries
*Correspondence: Achmad Delianur Nasution.
Universitas Sumatera Utara Hospital, Director of
Infrastructure and Medical Facilities, Medan, Indonesia.
Tel.: +6282163152525. E-mail: a.delianur@usu.ac.id
Received: 29-Jan-2019
Revised: 10-Mar-2020
Accepted: 14-Mar-2020
Copyright: © 2020 Achmad Delianur Nasution,
Eka Lestari Mahyuni
Funding: This study was supported by Lembaga
Penelitian USU
Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no
competing interests
Open Access: This is an open-access article distributed
under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-
NonCommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC 4.0)
Introduction
Hospital is a health institution with various
disciplines and expertise to carry out activities in
preventive, curative, promotive, and rehabilitative
health services, rendering the hospital as an
organizers of public service activities [1]. Hospitals
as labor-, expert-, capital-, and technology-intensive
service industries which also have potential hazards
and complexity of risks that increase the incidence
of workplace accidents or occupational diseases.
Based on previous research, so many risks could
happen in hospital activities like drug administration
error, incorrect operation of medical equipment,
error in patient identifcation, needle stick injuries,
work-related disease from sharp injuries at night
duty, blood exposure, splash exposure, body fuids
exposure among health care, and occupational safety
precautions among nurses [2], [3], [4], [5], [6]. All of
these risks can ktisptif the cause is due to the behavior
of health provider themselves in managing medical
or nonmedical waste. For this reason, hospitals are
required to implement Occupational Safety and Health
(OSH) which is integrated into hospital management
system. OSH implementation be carried out thoroughly,
including in managing hospital waste.
Hospital waste generally consisted of medical
waste and non-medical waste. Based on its nature,
the concentration and amount of hospital waste can be
detrimental to health and can pollute the environment
[7]. Hospital waste also contains toxic chemicals and
sharp objects causing hospital waste to be infectious,
toxic, and/or radioactive [8]. Hospital waste can be
considered as a chain for the spread of infectious
diseases and carries the risk of danger that has the
potential to cause workplace accidents and work-related
illnesses. In Indonesia, only 49% of 1176 hospitals (526
government hospitals and 652 private hospitals) in 30
provinces, only 648 hospitals have incinerators and 36%
have an installation of a Waste Water Treatment Plant
(WWTP) with non-working conditions. For solid waste
management, 80.7% have already separated between
medical waste and non-medical waste. But for storage,
only 20.5% use special storage with diferent colors and
symbols [9], [10].
Therefore, the purpose of this study was to
analyze the behavior of health providers based on safety
and occupational health aspects in the management of
hospital waste at Hospital-Universitas Sumatera Utara
(H-USU).
Scientifc Foundation SPIROSKI, Skopje, Republic of Macedonia
Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences. 2020 Jun 15; 8(E):419-424.
https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2020.4359
eISSN: 1857-9655
Category: E - Public Health
Section: Public Health Education and Training
Hospital Health Provider Behavior in Waste Application Based on
Occupational Safety and Health Analysis
Achmad Delianur Nasution
1
*, Eka Lestari Mahyuni
2
1
Universitas Sumatera Utara Hospital, Director of Infrastructure and Medical Facilities, Medan, Indonesia;
2
Department of
Occupational Safety and Health, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia