ATBU, Journal of Science, Technology & Education (JOSTE); Vol. 6 (2), June, 2018 ISSN: 2277-0011
Abdullahi, M., Shodiya, S. & Abdulraheem, T. Copyright © 2018 JOSTE. All Rights Reserved (www.atbuftejoste.com)
135
Solar Radiation Potential for Electricity Generation in Potiskum
By
*
Abdullahi Madu,
**
Sulaimon Shodiya and
**
Abdulraheem Toyin
*
Federal College of Education (Technical) Potiskum.
**
Department of Mechanical Engineering
University of Maiduguri. Maiduguri. Nigeria.
ABSTRACT
Potiskum, located on latitude 11.42
0
N, longitude 11.02
0
E and Altitude 414.8m
2
was evaluated for solar
radiation for the possibilities of it as a remedy to the fluctuation of electricity in the area. Gunn-
Bellani radiation integrator was used to evaluate the solar radiation for this region. Data obtained
from the period of 1990 to 2004 was analyzed for clearness index as well as Global solar radiation.
This been the only data available using Gunn-Bellani at the station. The result produced was found
to be within the allowable value with an average clearness index of 0.66. This means that the sky in
this location is clear for most part of the year for solar radiation to be received on a horizontal
surface. Hargreaves - Samani’s equation was used as a method of estimating Global solar radiation
using climatologically data’s. The mean monthly solar radiation was obtained as 23.59MJ/m
2
which
is within the threshold for which Photovoltaic cell can be used to generate power.
INTRODUCTION
Solar radiation has been identified as
the largest renewable resource of energy on
earth. The energy source is more evenly
distributed in the World than wind or
biomass, allowing for more site locations
(Muhammad, Shodiya and Ngala, 2015,
Muzathick et. al., 2011, Gungor and Yildirim,
2012, Okonwkwo, 2014). The maximum
intensity of solar radiation at the earth's
surface is about 1.2 kW/m2 but it is
encountered only near the equator on clear
days at noon. Under these ideal conditions,
the total energy received is from 6-8
kWh/m2 per day (Gungor and Yildirim, 2012,
Okonwkwo, 2014, Garba, Amusat and
Ngadda (2015). Solar energy is not available
continuously because of the day/night cycle
and cloud cover. Its intensity varies
according to season, geographical location
and position of the collector (Musa, Zangina
and Aminu,2012).
Studies on solar radiation have become an
important issue for renewable energy
stemming from oil crises, global warming
and other environmental problems, thus
increasing the need for reliable
measurements of surface solar radiation
(Tiwari, 2012). The increase in energy
consumption worldwide coupled with the
grim fact that fossil fuels are finite, has led to
an intensive search for alternative primary
energy sources.
Solar radiation was historically
monitored by measuring the sunshine
duration with Campbell-Stokes recorders.
An estimate of the global solar radiation was
then obtained through the well-known
Angstrom–Prescott equation (Holman and
Gajda, Jr, 1978). Although pyranometers are