Submit Manuscript | http://medcraveonline.com Abbreviations: CKD, chronic kidney disease; ESRD, end stage renal disease; HCV, hepatitis C virus; HIV, human immunodefciency virus; ICT, immunochromatographic test; SPSS, statistical package for social sciences Introduction Dialysis is a process of removing waste and excess water from blood; and is using primarily as an artifcial replacement for lost of kidney function in people with kidney failure. Hemodialysis is routinely using as renal replacement therapy for end stage renal disease (ESRD) patients. 1 In 2012, 2.1 million patients worldwide were estimated to require hemodialysis and this number is expected to increase by 7% annually. 2 Prolonged vascular exposure puts hemodialysis patients at increased risk for infection by blood-borne pathogens, including hepatitis C virus (HCV) and human immunodefciency virus (HIV) from contaminated devices, equipments, supplies, and environmental surfaces or attending personnel’s. 3,4 Regular detection of HIV, and HCV may play an important role in control and prevention of transmission. 5 This study was sought to determine the frequency of anti-HIV1/2, and anti-HCV seropositivity among hemodialysis patients attending Kosti Renal Dialysis Center in Kosti city of Sudan in order to provide data and guidance about the size and extent, prevention, and control of this problems. Materials and methods This a cross sectional, hospital base study, carried out in Kosti Renal Dialysis center during the period from 15 August to 20 November 2017. A total of 100 blood samples were collected from hemodialysis patients. Each sample was left at room temperature for a few minutes then centrifuged at 3000 revolutions per minutes (rpm) for 10 minutes to obtain serum. 6 Each serum sample was tested for anti-HCV, and anti-HIV1/2 using lateral fow immunochromatographic tests kits (Humasis) according to manufacture instructions. 7,8 Ethical statement This was approved by Department of Microbiology, University of El Imam El Mahdi. Verbal consent was taken from each participant. Statistical analysis The collected data were analyzed using statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) software version 21 and presented in form of tables. Chi square test was performed and P value of ≤ 0.05 was considered signifcant in a comparative data. Results The frequency of anti-HCV, and anti-HIV1/2 were 5% (5/100), and 0% (0/100) respectively as shown in Table 1. There is non signifcant difference in the frequency of anti-HCV between men and women, P value more than 0.05 as seen in Table 2. Also our study results did not provide suffcient evidence to conclude the possibility of HCV infection are increase with the duration of hemodialysis, as displayed in Table 3. Table 1 Frequency of anti-HCV, and anti-HIV1/2 among Hemodialysis patients Frequency Anti-HCV Anti-HIV1/2 Positive 5%(5/100) 0% (0/100) Negative 95%(95/100) 100%(100/100) Total 100 100 J Microbiol Exp. 2018;6(3):141‒143. 141 © 2018 Almugadam et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and build upon your work non-commercially. Seropositivity of human immunodefciency virus and hepatitis c virus among hemodialysis patients Volume 6 Issue 3 - 2018 Babiker Saad Almugadam, 1 Rayan Nader Ali, 1 Tasneem Rhamt Allah, 1 Elnaim Bushra Ahmed, 1,2 Osama Abdelwahid Abdelmwla 3 1 Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences, University of El Imam El Mahdi, Kosti city, Sudan 2 Department of Medical Laboratory Investigations, Kosti Police Hospital, Sudan 3 Department of Medical Laboratory Investigations, Kosti Teaching Hospital, Sudan Correspondence: Babiker Saad Almugadam, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences, University of El Imam El Mahdi, Kosti city, Sudan, Tel 00249917717034, Email Babiker888@yahoo.com Received: March 12, 2018 | Published: May 17, 2018 Abstract Background: Hemodialysis patients are exposing to many harms as blood borne viruses. This study was sought to determine the frequency of anti-HIV1/2, and anti-HCV seropositivity among hemodialysis patients attending Kosti Renal Dialysis Center. Materials and methods: A total of 100 blood samples (68 men ,and 32 women) were included in this study that was carried out in Kosti Renal Dialysis center, during the period from 15 August to 20 November 2017. Each sample was tested for anti-HCV , and anti- HIV1/2 by immunochromatographic tests (Humasis) according to manufacture instructions. Results: The frequency of anti-HCV, and anti-HIV1/2 were 5% (5/100), and 0% (0/100) respectively. There is non signifcant difference in the frequency of anti-HCV between men (4.4%) and women 6.3% or among the duration of hemodialysis. Conclusions: Hemodialysis can expose patients to harms, and infections. Emergence of Blood borne pathogenic infections among hemodialysis patients has become a major public health threat worldwide. Continuous surveillance and implementation of control program can aid in the elimination and eradication of these problems. Key words: CKD, ICT, Hemodialysis, HCV, HIV, Sudan Journal of Microbiology & Experimentation Research Article Open Access