Remedy Publications LLC. Annals of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery 2021 | Volume 5 | Issue 2 | Article 1077 1 Multi-Ethnic Rhinoplasty: Anatomical Features and Surgical Techniques for an Appropriate Nasal Tip Projection OPEN ACCESS *Correspondence: Pasquale Fino, Department of Surgery, Unit of Plastic Surgery, “P. Valdoni”, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Rome, Via Dei Quinzi, N.5, 00175, Rome, Tel: +393393022954; Fax: +3906491525; E-mail: pasquale.fno@gmail.com Received Date: 04 Jun 2021 Accepted Date: 24 Jun 2021 Published Date: 28 Jun 2021 Citation: Tarallo M, Di Taranto G, Fallico N, Conversi A, Sorvillo V, Fino P. Multi- Ethnic Rhinoplasty: Anatomical Features and Surgical Techniques for an Appropriate Nasal Tip Projection. Ann Plast Reconstr Surg. 2021; 5(2): 1077. Copyright © 2021 Pasquale Fino. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Review Article Published: 28 Jun, 2021 Abstr act Background: Te aim of this study is to evaluate the anatomical features of the nasal tip, which presents specifc characteristics in each single ethnic group. Te knowledge of these inter- ethnic diferences is mandatory to plan the appropriate surgical technique in order to realize a successful rhinoplasty. Methods: A systematic literature review was conducted to select studies estimating the anatomical traits of the nasal tip across three principal ethnic groups: Caucasian, African and Indian. A multiple analysis was led to identify the most common anatomical features that distinguish the nasal tip in every ethnic group. An additional meta- analysis was applied to compare specifc surgical maneuvers performed to correct each anatomical defect afer an appropriate preoperative planning. Results: Te article describes substantial anatomical diferences between Caucasian, African and Asian nasal tip projection and proportions. Te main nasal tip anomalies vary from patient to patient and from an ethnic group to another. Te achievement of a proper nasal tip projection requests a precise knowledge of the nasal tip anatomy and anomalies, according to the assessment of an accurate preoperative plan and to the application of specifc rhinoplasty techniques. Conclusion: An accomplished rhinoplasty implicates the acquisition of an appropriate nasal tip projection. A complete comprehension of the inter-ethnic anatomical diferences is essential to obtain the ideal nasal tip projection. Tis study aims to become the use deal for the inter-ethnic nasal tip surgery in everyday practice. Keywords: Rhinoplasty; Nasal tip anatomy; Nasal tip projection; Nasal tip deformities; Ethnic rhinoplasty Introduction Tis review is intended to be a starting point for refection on the anatomical diferences that each surgeon must consider when planning to perform an ethnic rhinoplasty. Although diferences are varied from patient to patient there are some common characteristics related to each single ethnic group. In this paper we wanted to emphasize a possible ethnic pattern with variation in rhinoplasty techniques to achieve a good nasal tip projection. While striving to obtain the correct proportions, preoperative planning should consider the nose as a very important part of the patient’s face. Achieving good proportions of the nose in accordance with parameters across the face, which is individual for each patient, is one of the main aesthetic objectives of surgical correction. Anatomical Considerations Nasal tip projection is described as the anteroposterior extent to which the nasal tip is separated from the facial surface. Te comprehension of nasal tip anatomy is fundamental to plan a right surgical approach and to achieve a good surgical result [1]. We consider three ethnic groups: Caucasian, African and Asian. Caucasian Te infratip lobule is the nasal region bounded by the tip-defning points superiorly, and the columella caudally. Te nostril apices correspond to the midpoint of the infratip lobule [2]. Te lower lateral cartilage is divided into medial, middle, and lateral crura [3]. At the junction of the medial Mauro Tarallo, Giuseppe Di Taranto, Nefer Fallico, Andrea Conversi, Valentina Sorvillo and Pasquale Fino* Department of Surgery, Unit of Plastic Surgery, University of Rome, Rome, Italy