Singapore Journal of Tropical Geography 27 (2006) 1 – 3
© 2006 Department of Geography, National University of Singapore and Blackwell Publishing Asia Pty Ltd
doi:10.1111/j.1467-9493.2006.00235.x
modelling tropical deforestationDouglas O. Fuller and Rinku Roy Chowdhury
Monitoring and modelling tropical
deforestation: Introduction to the Special Issue
Douglas O. Fuller and Rinku Roy Chowdhury
Department of Geography and Regional Studies, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA
Correspondence: Douglas O. Fuller (email: dofuller@miami.edu)
This Special Issue of the Singapore Journal of Tropical Geography derives from a set of papers
on remote sensing and forest governance in Indonesia, presented at a workshop held at
the Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR) in Bogor in June 2004. The
workshop assembled experts in forestry, geography and biodiversity conservation to
examine the ways that imaging satellites such as Landsat are shedding new light on prob-
lems and processes associated with tropical deforestation. Although the workshop mainly
focused on some of the major drivers of this process in Indonesia, the issues of illegal log-
ging, fires and the establishment of industrial plantations are common to many other
parts of the tropics where forests have been converted to other land uses, often at rates
that merit global concern (Sidaway & Teo, 2005).
Although alarm bells have been rung some time ago to warn against the conse-
quences of tropical deforestation (e.g. loss of biodiversity and ecological services, air pol-
lution from fires, climate change), the scope of the problem remains an area of active
study and debate. As a tool for detecting change in forest cover, satellite imagery increas-
ingly determines how we measure and monitor loss of tropical forest. More pertinently,
the increased availability of inexpensive imagery coupled with increased computer
power since the early 1990s has facilitated the diffusion of new information among a
wide range of actors in civil society. This has the potential to revolutionize forest gover-
nance by improving transparency in the forestry sector in particular, and in land use
policymaking more generally, by making available information that some central
governments and large landowners have guarded quite closely. Although this Special
Issue explores some of the limitations of existing satellites for mapping forests, with rela-
tively new sources of satellite imagery (e.g. MODIS or Moderate Resolution Imaging
Spectrometer), near real-time monitoring of tropical deforestation is starting to become
as much a reality as the monitoring of hotspots from vegetation fires has been for over a
decade. Thus, with an evolving constellation of orbital and geostationary satellites, we
should expect operational monitoring of land use and land cover change (LULCC) in the
tropics at more frequent intervals and at finer spatial resolutions. The improved ability to
observe changes at finer temporal and spatial scales is likely to translate into major
advances in predictive capability that will be helpful for understanding changes in land
use dynamics.
Over the past decade, a dominant approach to understanding LULCC dynamics is to
link data available from satellite imagery to ancillary information in order to model the
underlying drivers of landscape transformation. Efforts to quantitatively link land cover
to theorized driving forces of change are not novel; for instance, earlier statistical models
linked regional or national land cover metrics (e.g. per cent forest cover) to demographic
and other factors (e.g. population density, rate of economic growth). The greater tem-
poral and spatial resolution currently afforded by satellite imagery thus allows a finer
spatial lens through which to view such dynamics. When corresponding fine-scale or
disaggregate data on biophysical or socioeconomic drivers are available, LULCC models