International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering (IJITEE)
ISSN: 2278-3075, Volume-9 Issue-6, April 2020
759
Published By:
Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering
& Sciences Publication
Retrieval Number: F3897049620/2020©BEIESP
DOI: 10.35940/ijitee.F3897.049620
Abstract: This research paper tends to have an insight into the
dynamics of cam and tappet of diesel engine which is supposed to
work continuously for a longer period under huge variable loads
to operate the valves of an internal combustion engine. The
dynamics of valve gear train is so elemental in the due functioning
of an engine. In this research, the analysis of five-order
polynomial cam has been done to find the profile of displacement,
velocity, acceleration and jerk for the suitability of diesel engines.
The MATLAB software has been used as the vital aid in this
analysis. This insight would sure be helpful in improving the
mechanism of cam profile generation leading to betterment of
camshaft design so as to increase the overall efficiency of the
engine.
Keywords: Camshaft, Cam dynamics, Polynomial cam,
Polydyne cam, Valve gear train.
I. INTRODUCTION
The current research is focused on studying the kinematics of
diesel engines so that it can facilitate the actuation of valves
in the due course of a complete engine cycle. The key
parameters in this research are contacting external forces and
the kinematic quantities [1]. By simulating the dynamics of
valve gear train system, the key parameters can be deduced.
The whole of the research work has been done on valve
operating system having push-rod and flat faced tappet which
are frequently equipped in diesel engines. A cam is a device
for conversion of one type of motion [2],[4],[7] into another
as desired to have specific output from the system. Generally,
the rotary motion of the cam is transformed into follower
oscillation, translation, or both.
Cams are generally manufactured [2],[6] from robust and
hard material including medium to high carbon steels which
are treated of case hardening and hardened ductile or grey
cast iron to minimize wear[5]. For minor loads and speeds,
the cams of marine engines are produced of brass or bronze.
Such systems are often [9] utilized in all categories of
machines.
Revised Manuscript Received on April 1, 2020.
* Correspondence Author
Rajendra Singh Rajput*, Department of Mechanical Engineering, ITM
University Gwalior-474001, Mail ID: rs.rajput@ itmuniversity.ac.in
Anshul Gangele, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sandip
University, Nashik (India)-422213 Mail ID: anshulgangele@gmail.com
Arun Singh Kushwah, Department of Mechanical Engineering, ITM
University Gwalior-474001, Mail ID: arunkushwah@itmuniversity.ac.in
Fig.1. Components of valve train system, source [10]
The fig.1 lucidly describes the application of four bar linkage
mechanism in the context of an I C engine. The
understanding of dynamics of this system eases off the
calculation related to transmission of torque to camshaft. The
location of a concerned link’s centre of rotation
(instantaneous) is used to deduce cam torque [9].
Research on analysis of kinematics of types of
constant-breadth cam-follower mechanisms had also been
done [8]. This analysis covers the study of equations for the
lift, velocity and the acceleration profile of the tappet,
powered by cam, having constant width profile with uniform
angular velocity. In this study also follower is flat-faced
type.
In another work [3] stated that while analyzing the
dynamics of such intricate systems, the forces subjected to
cam, the spring forces and tangential forces are expected to
be calculated. Most of the time speed is higher or member is
elastic one, hence noise, chatter and unusual wear are studied
[5]. Research had also been done to increase the efficiency of
engine considering tribology of engine [11] and kinematic
and wear pattern of valve gear train [12].
The profile of cam is having a great roll in the further
dynamic analysis of cam follower systems. Subsequently, it
has direct effect on the wear [14] and lubrication mechanism
[13] of cam-follower systems. The analysis of Elasto
hydrodynamic lubrication has vital part in such systems
operating at high hertz pressures.
This work tends to improve the cam profile using the
polydyne 5- order cam profile through the evaluation of all
the kinematic parameters which is a better choice over
cycloidal cam profile.
Kinematic Analysis of Polydyne Cam Profile of
A Diesel Engine
Rajendra Singh Rajput, Anshul Gangele, Arun Singh Kushwah