Relatonship between Platelet Indices and Coronary Heart Disease in Malaysian Populaton Akhila Eswaran 1 , Anil Philip Kunnath 1* , Goh Mun Hon 2 , Yasmin Ayob Binti Ayob 2 and Ponnarasi Tharmajan 2 1 Division of Applied Biomedical Science and Biotechnology, School of Health Sciences, Internatonal Medical University, Malaysia 2 Natonal Heart Insttute, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia * Corresponding author: Anil Philip Kunnath, Division of Applied Biomedical Science and Biotechnology, School of Health Sciences, Internatonal Medical University, Bukit Jalil, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, E-mail: anilphilip_kunnath@imu.edu.my Received date: June 13, 2020; Accepted date: June 17, 2020; Published date: June 29, 2020 Citaton: Eswaran A, Kunnath AP, Hon GM, Ayob YAB, Tharmajan P (2020) Relatonship between Platelet Indices and Coronary Heart Disease in Malaysian populaton. J Biomedical Sci Vol.9 No.3:6. Abstract Coronary Heart Disease (CHD) is a major cause of mortality worldwide and in Malaysia. Early screening and diagnosis reduce the mortality rate of this disease by 15%-30%. CHD is caused by atherosclerosis and platelets have been found to play a major role in the development of atherosclerotc lesions. Although other biomarkers exist for CHD, platelet indices can be detected earlier and are routnely available. Hence this project was undertaken to study the relatonship between platelet indices and CHD, as well as to fnd the diagnostc signifcance of platelet indices by comparing with other infammatory biomarkers of CHD. This is a case control study carried out from July 2019 to September 2019, at the Natonal Heart Insttute, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. The study populaton consisted of 100 normal control subjects and 100 case study subjects. Once eligibility was confrmed, patent data was flled in the case study forms, while the observatonal laboratory data consistng of platelet indices, were collected from the Sysmex XN-1000 analyser. Statstcal analysis was then carried out using the SPSS 16.0 Sofware, whereby an independent sample t- test was done and a p-value of less than 0.05 was considered statstcally signifcant. Results showed that the levels of PDW, MPV and P-LCR were increased signifcantly (p-value less than 0.05) in CHD patents, while the levels of PC and PCT between the two groups showed no statstcally signifcant diference. Nevertheless, it was found that these elevatons could also be due to other risk factors, such as gender, smoking, Diabetes Mellitus, and hypertension. Hence, further research should be carried out to study the potental mechanisms behind the increase of platelet indices levels as a result of CHD alone, as it has the potental to be a benefcial risk predictng factor for CHD. Keywords: Coronary Heart Disease (CHD); Platelet Count (PC); Platelet Distributon Width (PDW); Mean Platelet Volume (MPV); Platelet Larger Cell Rato (P-LCR); Platelet Crit (PCT) Introducton Coronary Heart Disease (CHD) involves a group of conditons that arise due to thrombotc lesions in the coronary arteries. These include acute coronary syndrome, unstable angina, stable angina, myocardial infarcton, and sudden cardiac death. CHD a major cause of mortality worldwide and in Malaysia. According to The Natonal Health and Morbidity Surveys, the prevalence of cardiovascular diseases is expected to increase by 10% over the next 20 years [1]. Apart from that, data from the Acute Coronary Syndrome Registry shows that there is an increase in development of heart disease at a younger age in Malaysians, with mean ages of between 55.9 to 59.1 years, as compared to neighbouring countries which have mean ages of between 63.4 to 68 years [2]. Nevertheless, early screening and diagnosis reduces the mortality rate of this disease by 15%-30%. The most commonly used methods of investgaton for coronary heart disease include electrocardiograms and imaging tests. Laboratory tests on the other hand, such as Troponin T, Creatne Kinase, and full blood count, are usually performed to evaluate the risk factors of CHD [3]. However, despite the advancement in diagnostc and therapeutc strategies, which has provided the opportunity for improvement in preventon of CHD, the main limitatons that exist for these tests are high cost of risk predictng tests, non-availability of the tests especially in rural areas and a lack of standardizaton [3]. Atherosclerosis and its complicatons are the major causes of CHD. There are several risk factors that can contribute to the development of CHD. Some of which include, smoking, obesity, gender, hypertension, Diabetes Mellitus, and hypercholesterolemia [4,5]. Hence, recognizing new prognostc factors or related factors for CHD, while improving its risk stratfcaton is important. Research on blood platelet physiology has shown that platelets play an important role in the pathogenesis of CHD. iMedPub Journals www.imedpub.com DOI: 10.36648/2254-609X.9.3.6 Journal of Biomedical Sciences ISSN 2254-609X Vol.9 No.3:6 2020 © Copyright iMedPub | This article is available from: https://www.jbiomeds.com/ 1 Research Article