| 20 Mutiara Medika: Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan http://journal.umy.ac.id/index.php/mm Vol 22 No 1 Page 20-27, January 2022 Correlation between Head Computed Tomography Scan Examination and Cranial Index Measurement in Pediatric Hydrocephalus Nony Zulfariska 1 *, Pande Putu Yuli Anandasari 1 , Ni Nyoman Margiani 1 , Firman Parulian Sitanggang 1 , Putu Patriawan 1 , I Gde Raka Widiana 2 1 Departement of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Udayana, Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia 2 Departement of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Udayana, Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia DATE OF ARTICLE: Received: 03 Aug 2021 Reviewed: 29 Nov 2021 Revised: 01 Jan 2022 Accepted: 04 Jan 2022 CORRESPONDENCE: nonyzulfariska@yahoo.com DOI: 10.18196/mmjkk.v21i2.12464 TYPE OF ARTICLE: Research Abstract: Hydrocephalus in children can inhibit child growth. However, if treated immediately, the patient will develop normal intelligence. In radiology, the most important problem is to detect hydrocephalus early. Currently, radiology examinations can detect hydrocephalus accurately with a CT scan to identify the presence of blockages and assess the degree. Skull radiography is used to assess the presence of advanced hydrocephalus. A comparison is carried out and assesses the relationship between hydrocephalus measurement on the ventricular and cranial index by scanogram. The study used a cross-sectional analytics design, using Picture Archiving and Communication System (PACS) data. There were 68 samples taken using consecutive sampling, obtaining ventricular index measurement results above 0.30, and patients under 12 years old. Spearman rank test showed a correlation between the ventricular index measurements and cranial index, with Spearman’s Rho (r) = 0.856 and p<0.001 with linear equation Y= 2.973 + 0.005X. It revealed that the constant 2.973 indicated that if there is no B coefficient value, the participation value will be 2.973. Furthermore, regression coefficient X of 0.005 indicated that the participation value grows by 0.005 for every 1 addition of the B coefficient value with R 2 = 0.340. Keywords: Pediatrics Hydrocephalus; Ventricular Index; Cranial Index INTRODUCTION Children are the next generation of the nation. The strong or fragile beginning of a country can be seen from the quality of the next generation; if children are born with a low level of health, the nation's condition is likely to become weak and unable to build the country optimally. 1 The phenomenon of pediatric health in Indonesia becomes an interesting aspect of identifying as the child is still in development and needs more attention from parents and caregivers. If the child's health is impaired, his development can also become stunted, one of which can be caused by hydrocephalus. Hydrocephalus is a dynamic process caused by the build-up of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) inside the head that causes the dilation of the ventricle cerebri and puts pressure on the brain. 2 Hydrocephalus occurs when a blockage prevents CSF from draining, the brain does not absorb enough CSF, and the brain produces too much CSF. Meanwhile, ventriculomegaly occurs when the brain's ventricles (fluid-filled space) are larger than normal size without pressure on the brain. Ventriculomegaly occurs when there is too much CSF; the baby has idiopathic intraventricular hemorrhage, ischemia, and the brain has not formed normally. In diagnosing hydrocephalus, CT-Scan is the preferred tool over other imagings for neurosurgeons, namely, to determine when to install a ventricular shunt. Therefore, determining the degree of mild or severe hydrocephalus is very important. The number of hydrocephalus cases in the world is quite high. In the Americas, the incidence rate of hydrocephalus reaches 0.5-4 per 100 births, while Indonesia reaches 10 per mile per year. 3