Proceedings of the joint international event 9 th ARQUEOLÓGICA 2.0 & 3 rd GEORES, Valencia (Spain). 26–28 April 2021 Received: 27/11/2020 Accepted: 13/03/2021 DOI: https://doi.org/10.4995/Arqueologica9.2021.12132 * Corresponding Author: Alban Gorreja, a.gorreja@pm.univpm.it This work is licensed under a Creative Commons 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0) EDITORIAL UNIVERSITAT POLITÈCNICA DE VALÈNCIA 3D GIS FOR A SMART MANAGEMENT SYSTEM APPLIED TO HISTORICAL VILLAGES DAMAGED BY EARTHQUAKE Alban Gorreja * , Francesco Di Stefano, Fabio Piccinini, Roberto Pierdicca, Eva Savina Malinverni Dipartimento di Ingegneria Civile, Edile e Architettura (DICEA), Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Brecce Bianche 12, 60131 Ancona, Italy. a.gorreja@pm.univpm.it; f.distefano@pm.univpm.it; f.piccinini@pm.univpm.it, r.pierdicca@staff.univpm.it; e.s.malinverni@staff.univpm.it Abstract: Historic villages are included in the category of cultural heritage to be safeguarded and preserved. Accidental events, such as earthquakes, represent a threat to their vulnerability. Usually, the analyses of damaged buildings, which are part of these villages, are then carried out singularly, not fostering instead the constitution of mapping at the urban scale that allows a more complete knowledge of the state of damage and risk of adjacent buildings and of the entire area. An information system such as 3D GIS is a suitable solution for this purpose. The aim of this research is to develop a SMART management system for preservation activities of historical villages through the management of heterogeneous types of data, from the survey to the technical documentation. The workflow is structured as follows: (i) Data acquisition: the survey of a small village was carried out by combining geomatic techniques necessary to produce a complete point cloud; (ii) 3D modelling: data extrapolation from the post-processed point cloud and subsequent generation of a GIS-based on 3D model thanks to the creation of DTM and DSM of the area of interest; (iii) Knowledge modelling: a geospatial information model is necessary to put in order and together all the information collected for the whole village and each building composing it; (iv) SMART management modelling: improvement of the information management system that guarantees the possibility to enrich and update data at any time. This research paves the way to develop a web platform where GIS data would be imported for a digital twin approach. Keywords: historical village, GIS, knowledge modelling, SMART information management system, earthquake 1. Introduction In recent years the use of three-dimensional (3D) modelling software and open-source platforms for SMART data management of urban and building projects has become increasingly frequent. The constantly updated regulations suggest and, in some cases, enforce the adoption of new sustainable, advanced and more accessible digital information systems. (Nam & Pardo, 2011; Vinodkumar, 2016). This SMART approach is not only intended to represent optimal management of the data of one or more projects after a seismic event, but it also serves to define preventive measures (real-time data visualisation, disasters prediction, etc) that can be taken to deal with this type of emergency. As a case study for this research project, one of the many villages damaged by the seismic events that hit central Italy in 2016 is chosen. Villages that represent a full- fledged historical and cultural heritage. Among these, there is a small village called "Gabbiano", located in the municipality of Pieve Torina, in the Marche region in Italy. It is characterized by a historic centre with a limited number of buildings that have suffered damage as a result of the earthquake that has affected this area. The aim of this research activity is to create a robust information system for the management of various types of data, from the survey to the technical documentation up to the following phases of the project through an information system such as GIS. The first step is to create a 3D model obtained through a combination of geomatic techniques. The entities composing the 3D geometric model become the object features of an organized knowledge modelling in order to have a precise connection with geometries, defined by a semantic representation following the CityGML schema. This leads to a SMART approach to the information management system that collects not only spatial data but also topological and not-geometrical data. The enriched knowledge modelling linked to the 3D object may represent a starting point for the digital twin approach, useful to manage the monitoring and restoration activities (Ketzler et al., 2020). This solution can be replicated in other similar case studies to safeguard these small villages that risk losing their historical, architectural, urban and social identity as a result of these accidental events. 255