Interchange, Vol. 38/4, 335–350, 2007. © Springer 2007
DOI 10.1007/s10780-007-9035-y
Research Fictions: Arts-Informed Narratives
That Disrupt the Authority of the Text
ELIZABETH DE FREITAS
Adelphi University and
University of Prince Edward Island
ABSTRACT: In this paper I examine the dilemma faced by
reflexive narrative inquirers who write in the first-person “I” while
advocating for a postmodern reading of the “self.” This paper asks
the question: How can the reflexive educational researcher craft a
research narrative that, on the one hand, strives for self-presence,
while on the other hand, denies the transparency of language? I
discuss current post-structuralist critiques of educational research
rhetoric, and extend the critique to narrative research, suggesting
that an arts-informed approach to narrative allows researchers to
disrupt the authority of their text. I explore the use of a specific
fictionalizing technique – the unreliable narrator – to assist
readers in critically deciphering reflexive research narratives.
KEYWORDS: Unreliable narrator, narrative inquiry, reflexive
research, arts-informed research, fiction.
Maggie Maclure (2003) argues that all educational research texts are
fabrications, and that neutrality and realism are “the most spectacular”
signs of rhetorical artfulness (p. 80). Research texts are granted
authority, claims Maclure, when they erase their own artfulness and
appear to be transparent in their persuasiveness, as though
unproblematic in their relation to the external or internal situation that
they describe. Narrative and life history research, according to Maclure,
are often taken up and read as though they were realist depictions of
both internal emotional states and external circumstances (p. 81).
Maclure outlines an agenda for disrupting and interrupting the process
by which narrative research is taken uncritically to represent lived
experience. She asks that qualitative researchers attend more
rigorously to the ways in which their narratives are fabrications. She
asks that we become highly critical and highly skeptical of the
narratives we select to circulate. Maclure wants readers to become
conscious of the textualizing strategies that shape research narratives.
Patti Lather shares a similar concern: