Open Access Research Article Journal of Petroleum & Environmental Biotechnology J o u r n a l o f P e t r o l e u m & E n v ir o n m e n t a l B i o t e c h n o l o g y ISSN: 2157-7463 Atefatdoost and Farahbod, J Pet Environ Biotechnol 2016, 7:5 D0I: 10.4172/2157-7463.1000302 Volume 7 • Issue 5 • 1000302 J Pet Environ Biotechnol, an open access journal ISSN: 2157-7463 Abstract The performance assessment of Nano ferric oxide and mixtures of it (10 and 15 gr/lit) which contain mineral coagulants (5, 10, 15 and 20 mg/lit) as auxiliary coagulants in pretreatment of drilling waste water is considered, in this pilot scale experimental work. Major parameters in coagulation and focculation such as total hardness, turbidity, amount of poly cyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, total petroleum hydrocarbon, transmittance, initial and fnal pH, zeta potential and resident time are affected in two pretreatment reactors. Results show, the minimum amount of turbidity of 4.5 NTU is obtained in the best conditions. Introduction of a Novel Method for Treating of Drilling Waste Water Mahmood Atefatdoost 1 and Farshad Farahbod 2 * 1 Department of Chemical Engineering, Lamerd Branch, Islamic Azad University, Lamerd, Iran 2 Department of Chemical Engineering, Firoozabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Firoozabad, Iran Keywords: Environmental pollution; Nano ferric oxide; Coagulation; Treatment Introduction Drilling fuid-mud is usually composed by water, clay, weighing material and a few chemicals [1]. Sometimes oil may be applied instead of water, or oil added to the water to give the mud certain desirable physical properties [2]. Drilling fuid is used to increase the cuttings made by the bit and lif them to the surface for disposal [3]. But equally important, it addition, provides a means of keeping underground pressures in check. Te heavier or denser the mud, is the more pressure it exerts. Terefore, weighing materials - barite - are mixed to the mud to make it exert as much pressure as required to contain formation pressures [4]. Te equipment in the circulating system consists of a large number of parameters [5]. Drilling fuids are applied extensively in the upstream oil and gas industry, and are critical to ensuring a safe and productive oil or gas well. During drilling process, a large volume of drilling fuid is circulated in an open or semi enclosed system, at elevated temperatures, with agitation, preparing an important potential for chemical exposure and subsequent health efects. When deciding on the type of drilling fuid system to use, operator well planners require conducting comprehensive risk assessments of drilling fuid systems, considering health aspects in addition to environmental and safety aspects, and strike a suitable balance between their potentially conficting requirements [6]. Te results of these risk assessments require to be made available to all employers whose workers may become exposed to the drilling fuid system. Functions of drilling fuid In the early days of rotary drilling, the primary function of drilling fuids was to bring the cuttings from the bottom of the hole to the surface [7]. Today it is recognized the drilling fuid has at least ten important functions: A). Assists in making hole by: A-1). Removal of cuttings, A-2). Cooling and lubrication of bit and drill string, A-3). Power transmission to bit nozzles or turbines. B). Assists in hole preservation by: B-1). Support of bore hole wall, B-2). Containment of formation fuids. C). It also: C-1). Supports the weight of pipe and casing, C-2). Serves as a medium for formation logging. D-It must not: D-1). Corrode bit, drill string and casing and surface facilities, D-2). Impair productivity of producing horizon, D-3). Pollute the environment [8-10]. Te role of drilling fuid Undoubtedly, the drilling fuid has vital role in drilling process [11,12]. Two basic items included; frictions and in the recycling cycle. Customized solutions Despite the excellent track record demonstrated by invert emulsion fuids, operators continue searching for a water-based system that will give comparable performance [13-15]. Increasing concern is placed on environmental impact of operations, making water-based alternatives more attractive [16-18]. Baroid has engineered high-performance water-based fuids that emulate the performance of an invert emulsion fuid. Each fuid system is customized to address specifc drilling challenges [19-21]. Materials and Methods Experiments are held in two PVC series tanks equipped by adjustable agitator. Te treatment process is done in two series mixing reactors. 450 cc NaOH and 600 cc Na 2 CO 3 is inserted in the drilling mud feed line. First reactor is a fast mixing reactor to insert a coagulant during 5 min with 120 rpm. Te second slow mixing reactor vessel (60 rpm, 20 min). Feed is 4 liters watery drilling mud. Operating functions for prediction of treatment performance Some functions which are evaluated in the treatment units are listed at the below. Tese functions state the quality of treatment process. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR): Tis is a proper and confdent technique which is used to obtain an infrared spectrum of absorption, emission, photoconductivity or Raman scattering of fuid. Te FTIR spectrometer simultaneously collects spectral data in a wide spectral range. Tis confers a signifcant advantage over a dispersive spectrometer which measures intensity over a narrow range of wavelengths at a time. Te used FTIR has made dispersive * Corresponding author: Farshad Farahbod, Department of Chemical Engineering, Firoozabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Firoozabad, Iran, Tel: +98 2147911; E-mail: mf_fche@iauf.ac.ir Received July 19, 2016; Accepted September 28, 2016; Published October 06, 2016 Citation: Atefatdoost M, Farahbod F (2016) Introduction of a Novel Method for Treating of Drilling Waste Water. J Pet Environ Biotechnol 7: 302. doi: 10.4172/2157- 7463.1000302 Copyright: © 2016 Atefatdoost M, et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.