Acta Scientific Women's Health (ISSN: 2582-3205) Volume 3 Issue 5 May 2021 Prevalence and Risk Factors of Pregnancy Induced Hypertension Including Preeclampsia/Eclampsia in Women of Odisha, an Eastern Indian State Madhusmita Bal 1 , Sujata Dixit 1 , Subrata K Rath 2 , Tahziba Hussain 1 , Nihar Ranjan Nayak 3 , Sanghamitra Pati 1 and Manoranjan Ranjit 1 * 1 ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India 2 Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, KIMS, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India 3 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Wayane State University School of Medicine, USA *Corresponding Author: Manoranjan Ranjit, Scientist-G, ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India. Research Article Received: February 16, 2021 Published: April 12, 2021 © All rights are reserved by Manoranjan Ranjit., et al. Abstract Aim: Despite several measures the maternal mortality rate (MMR) and infant mortality rate (IMR) in the state of Odisha is signifi- cantly high. Since pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH) including pre-eclampsia or eclampsia (PE or E) is one of the leading causes of maternal and fetal mortality/morbidity, we attempted to analyze the burden and risk factors of PIH including PE/E for the first time among pregnant women in Odisha. Methods: The medical records of 2393 mothers and their infants were retrospectively audited from January 2015 to December 2016 in KIMS Hospital, Bhubaneswar, the capital city of the state. Results: Out of total 150 (6.2%) cases presenting pregnancy induced hypertension disorder (PIHD), 105 (70%) had PIH, 32 (30.47%) had developed PE and 13 (12.38%) eclampsia. Of the babies born to mothers with PIH, 56% had low birth weight (< 2.5kg) and 6.6% (10 out of 150 live births) had died during their infancy. Oedema, pallor, pain in lower abdomen, headache and vaginal leaking were the most common clinical features, while chronic hypertension, gestational diabetes, PIH in previous pregnancy and family history of hypertension were the highest risk factors of PE/E. Conclusions: The present study highlights the magnitude/associated risk factors of the PIHD and underscores the need for a large scale community survey to find out the exact burden of the disease for development of strategy for proper management of pregnant women during the time of antenatal checkups in the state that contributes high MMR and IMR in the country. Keywords: Eclampsia; India; PIH; Prevalence; Pre-eclampsia; Risk Factors Introduction Pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH), a condition specific to pregnancy, includes gestational hypertension, pre-eclampsia (PE) and eclampsia (E), which is associated with maternal mortality, premature delivery, intra-uterine growth retardation (IUGR), ab- ruptio placentae and intra-uterine death [1,2]. PIH has remained a significant public health threat in both developed and develop- ing countries that contribute to maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. Further, studies have shown that a woman’s lifetime risk of dying from pregnancy-induced complications in develop- ing countries is 14 times higher than in developed countries [3]. According to an estimate pregnancy induced hypertension affects about 5 - 8% of all pregnant women worldwide and pre-eclampsia occurs in 10% of all pregnancies, the second leading cause of direct maternal and fetal deaths [4]. But Asian women with preeclampsia have been observed with worse pregnancy outcomes than others [5]. Citation: Manoranjan Ranjit., et al. “Prevalence and Risk Factors of Pregnancy Induced Hypertension Including Preeclampsia/Eclampsia in Women of Odisha, an Eastern Indian State". Acta Scientific Women's Health 3.5 (2021): 17-23.