Theor Chim Acta (1994) 87:293-305 Theoretica
Chimica Acta
© Springer-Verlag 1994
The bonding between NO and the NiO(100) surface*
L. G. M. Pettersson
Institute of Theoretical Physics, University of Stockholm, Vanadisv~igen 9, S-11346 Stockholm,
Sweden
Received December 7, 1992/Accepted April 5, 1993
Summary. The interaction between NO and different possible adsorption sites
of the NiO(100) surface is studied. The Ni 2÷ cation gives a bonding to NO in
reasonable agreement with experiment, but only if a crystal potential correspond-
ing to less than completely ionic charges is assumed. The computed angle of 43 ° is
also in good agreement with experiment. O 1- sites in both weak and strong crystal
potentials also give a strong interaction with NO, 1.3 and 0.5 eV, respectively. In
this case the angle is larger or around 70 °. The 0 2- anion and Ni 1+ sites do not
give any significant bonding irrespective of assumed crystal potential and can be
excluded as adsorption sites. The computed vibrational frequency for the adsorbed
NO show shifts of + 50, - 85 and -200 cm -1 for adsorption on Ni 2+ in the
weak potential, and 01- in strong and weak potential, respectively. Only one,
downwards shifted, frequency has been observed in the experiment but the most
likely candidate for the experimentally observed adsorption site with a binding of
0.5 eV, is still the Ni 2÷ in a weak potential. Nitrogen core level shifts are also
computed and discussed and the fully screened core-hole state is obtained for
a cluster model, NiF40 + NO, of Ni z + in NiO with an ionicity lower than the
standard _ 2.
Key words: NO - NiO(100) surface - Bonding
1 Introduction
The interaction between NO and transition metal oxide surfaces is of great
importance in the context of catalysts, e.g., for reducing the NOx content of exhaust
gases. As a first step in such a reaction it may be assumed that a gas-phase NO
molecule adsorbs at the surface before undergoing any reaction. However, in the
case of NO the type of bonding and site at which the NO binds to the surface are
largely unknown, both experimentally and theoretically. A particularly interesting
case, where detailed experiments have been performed is the interaction between
NO and the (100) surface of a cleaved NiO single crystal or a thin layer of NiO
grown on nickel metal. For this system Kuhlenbeck et al. [1] have presented results
* This work is dedicated to Prof. Inga Fischer-Hjalmars