International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR) ISSN: 2319-7064 SJIF (2020): 7.803 Volume 10 Issue 6, June 2021 www.ijsr.net Licensed Under Creative Commons Attribution CC BY A Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Structured Teaching Programme Regarding Use of Braden Scale In Prevention of Pressure Sores in Terms of Knowledge among Staff Nurses at Selected Hospital, District Hisar (Haryana) Gagandeep Kaur 1 , Promila Pandey 2 , Manisha Rani 3 Abstract: Introduction : A pressure ulcer is defined as a localised injury to the skin and or underlying tissue usually over a bony prominence, as a result of pressure, or pressure in combination with sheer. Objectives: To evaluate the effectiveness of structured teaching program on knowledge regarding use of Braden scale in prevention of pressure sores among staff nurses. Methodology : A Pre-experimental study was conducted among 60 staff nurses in selected hospital of district Hisar, Haryana. Self-structured knowledge questionnaire was used to collect the data. Result : The result shows that in the pre-test 44 (73.3%) of staff nurses had good knowledge scores and 16 (26.7%) of the staff nurses had fair knowledge scores. None of the staff nurses had poor and very good knowledge score. In the post-test 58 (96.7%) of staff nurses had very good knowledge scores and 02 (3.3%) of the staff nurses had good knowledge scores. The result reveals that the structured teaching programme was effective in increasing the knowledge of staff nurses regarding use of Braden Scale in prevention of pressure sores. There is significance association between the pre-test knowledge score level and Age of staff nurses. Conclusion : The study findings provide the statistical evidence which clearly indicate that Structured Teaching Programme has significant effect on the level of knowledge in Staff nurses. Keywords: Pressure sore, knowledge, structured teaching, Braden Scale, staff nurses 1. Introduction Pressure ulcers are the third most expensive disorder after cancer and cardiovascular diseases. 1 An estimated 1.7 million patients develop pressure ulcers annually. Both prevention and treatment of pressure ulcers are costly in term of health care dollars and quality of life for patients at risk because the cost in term of pain and suffering for a person with pressure ulcer can‟t be quantified, the old saying “an ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure” is particularly applicable to pressure ulcers. (Brunner and suddarth 2004). 2 A pressure ulcer is defined as a localised injury to the skin and or underlying tissue usually over a bony prominence, as a result of pressure, or pressure in combination with sheer (NPUAP, EPUAP 2014). 3 Pressure ulcer also called as decubitus ulcers. The word decubitus comes from Latin which means to lie-down. Pressure ulcer develops when soft issue (skin, subcutaneous tissue and muscle) are compressed between a bony prominence and a firm surface for a prolonged period of time. 4 If patients who are at risk of pressure ulcer are identified, effective measures will be taken to prevent its occurrence. 5 Nurses‟ knowledge and attitude are also viewed as extrinsic factors for pressure ulcer formation. 6 In April 2016, the National Pressure Ulcer Advisory Panel (NPUAP) replaced the term “pressure ulcer” with “pressure injury” in the National Pressure Ulcer Advisory Panel Injury Staging System to reflect injuries to both intact and ulcerated skin. In the previous staging system, Stage 1 and “deep tissue injury” described injured intact skin, while the other stages described open ulcers. This led to confusion, because the definitions for each of the stages referred to the injuries as “pressure ulcers.” 8 The incidence rate of bed sores ranges from 0.4% to 38% and the prevalence rate of bed sores ranges from 3.5% to 69% in the inpatient departments. 9 Preventing pressure ulcers has been a nursing concern for many years. In fact, Florence Nightingale in 1859 wrote, “If he has a bedsore, it‟s generally not the fault of the disease, but of the nursing”. Others view pressure ulcers as a “visible mark of caregiver sin” associated with poor or non-existent nursing care. 10 The Braden Scale is one of the most commonly used tools to assess pressure ulcer risk in hospitalized and nursing home patients. 11 The Braden Scale was developed by Bergstrom et al, in 1987, as a means to optimize prevention strategies and reduce the incidence of pressure ulcer. The Braden scale used for predicting pressure ulcer risk is composed of six subscales intended to measure the clinical determinants of either intense and prolonged pressure (Activity, Mobility, Sensory perception) or tissue tolerance to pressure (nutrition, moisture, friction and shear). Each subscale includes a title, and each subscale and each level has a key concept descriptor and a one-or-two phrase sentence descriptor of qualifying attributes. Five of the subscales are rated from 1 (least favourable) to 4 (most favourable). The friction and shear subscale is rated from 1 to 3. A total of 23 points is possible. A lower numerical score means the patient is at higher risk for developing pressure ulcer. The purpose of the scale is to help health professionals, Paper ID: SR21626160208 DOI: 10.21275/SR21626160208 1666