Economic Anthropology 2019 DOI:10.1002/sea2.12157
Logics of affordability and worth:
Gendered consumption in rural Uganda
Catherine Dolan
1
, Claire Gordon
2
, Laurel Steinfield
3
, & Julie Hennegan
4
1 Department of Anthropology, School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London, London, WC1H 0XG, UK
2 Social Life, London, SE17 3LH, UK
3 Department of Marketing, Bentley University, Waltham, MA 02452, USA
4 Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
Corresponding author: Catherine Dolan; e-mail: cd17@soas.ac.uk
This article explores logics of affordability and worth within rural Ugandan households. Through an analysis of how worth is ascribed to certain goods,
from the morally ambiguous personal consumption of alcohol and beauty products to the “responsible” category of educational spending and sanitary
pads, the article demonstrates how gender norms and anxieties are marked and sustained in the consumption practices of the household, constituting
what is deemed necessary, affordable, and responsible. Moral obligation is differentially distributed between genders: women are deemed responsible
for household expenditure, their personal consumption preferences constrained, whereas men are able to delimit a sphere of personal consumption
separate from the household, with limited accountability to its moral requirements. The gendered nature of power relations is thus revealed both in
the apportioning of moral duty and in the construction of affordability through which consumption is enabled.
Keywords Consumption; Gender Relations; Affordability; Logics of Worth; Uganda
In recent years, menstruation has become a growing concern in development circles, with poor sanitary care linked
to a range of adverse outcomes, from early pregnancy and gender disparities in education to shame and social
exclusion (Kuhlmann, Henry, and Wall 2017; Sommer and Sahin 2013). In countries like Uganda, where many
households skirt precariously along indices of deprivation, the lack of adequate sanitary care is ofen attributed to
“period poverty”: the inability of poor households to aford safe and hygienic menstrual protection for women and
girls (Birkwood 2018; Cooney 2017; Egunyu 2014). Yet though conditions of economic hardship may appear to
delimit consumption at a household level, the picture becomes less clear when seen from within the household,
where the capacity to exercise choice is diferentially available. When asked whether sanitary pads were a regular
household expense, for example, many men in our study expressed an inability to aford them for their wives or
daughters. “We would have loved to buy for them, but we can’t aford,” bemoaned one group of men; women, it
was repeated, would “have to fnd alternatives” (focus group, June 19, 2012). Sanitary pads were, however, relatively
inexpensive. Priced at around a dollar per pack (Van Dijk, de Kort, and Musiime 2014), they were equivalent in cost
to a bottle of beer. What, then, did these participants mean when they said they could not aford to buy sanitary
pads? As a key concept, afordability appeared to extend beyond the monetary value of goods and a household’s
fnancial capacity to purchase them. It served to index a range of economic, social, and moral valuations, grounded
in distinct understandings of worth.
In this article, we explore logics of afordability within rural Ugandan households, examining how worth is
diferentially ascribed to certain goods and the conditions under which worth is given, contested, and reworked.
Drawing from Boltanski and Tévenot’s (2006) notion of “orders of worth”
1
and Folbre’s (1994) concept of
“structures of constraint,” we examine how acts of prioritization that constitute household economies refect and
© 2019 by the American Anthropological Association. All rights reserved 1