© 2020 Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care | Published by Wolters Kluwer - Medknow 3496
Introduction
Approximately 1/3
rd
of all gynaecological consultations are
related to abnormal vaginal bleeding, and this proportion
increases to 70% in the peri and postmenopausal ages.
[1]
It also
accounts for two third cases of hysterectomy. Most gynaecologist
agree that abnormal vaginal bleeding after the age of 40 years
requires further evaluation to exclude the presence of endometrial
polyps, hyperplasia, fibroids or carcinoma.
[2]
There are various methods for endometrial assessment
among women with abnormal uterine bleeding which include
ultrasonography, endometrial curettage (D and C), Office based
methods including biopsy by hysteroscopy or endometrial
samplers like Karman cannula and pipelle.
[3,4]
Dilatation and
curettage (D and C) has for long been considered the “gold
standard” in the diagnosis of endometrial pathology.
[5]
One of
the most commonly performed gynecological surgery, it accounts
for a large proportion of hospital bed use and operating room
time. The procedure is expensive, invasive and time consuming.
The procedure carries the complications of anaesthesia and there
is risk of uterine perforation, intra‑uterine infection and cervical
laceration.
[6,7]
For these reasons, there is a need for a simple,
Accuracy of Karman endometrial aspiration in
comparison to conventional D and C in women with
AUB at tertiary care hospital in North West Rajasthan
Ankur Nama, Swati Kochar, Neha Suthar, Arun Kumar, Kirti Solanki
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, S.P. Medical College and Associated Group of Hospitals, Bikaner, Rajasthan, India
ABSTRACT
Background: Approximately 33% of all gynaecological consultations are associated with abnormal vaginal bleeding, and this proportion
increases to 70% in the peri and postmenopausal years. Aims and Objective: To compare the diagnostic accuracy of Karman`s cannula
endometrial aspiration histopathology versus dilatation and curettage in patients with abnormal uterine bleeding. Methodology: In
total 100 women of all age groups with a clinical diagnosis of AUB were included in this prospective comparative study. Endometrial
aspiration with Karman cannula was performed in the operation theatre prior to curettage to maintain synchronization during sampling.
Results: In our study, no significant difference was observed between Karman and D and C regarding sample adequacy (P = 0.07),
HPE findings (P = 1) and concordance rate with hysterectomy specimen (P = 1). 95% of the samples obtained by Karman and 98% of
those obtained by D and C were adequate. For obtaining an adequate sample by Karman the sensitivity and accuracy was 96.94%
and 96% when compared with D and C. Karman and D and C had comparable concordance rates (95% and 95%) with hysterectomy
specimen. Karman endometrial sampling is an easy procedure when compared to D and C (P = 0.007). With considering D and C as
gold standard Karman endometrial sampling demonstrated 100% accuracy for diagnosing adenocarcinoma, endometrial hyperplasia.
Conclusion: Endometrial aspiration with Karman cannula is an easy, safe, cost‑effective, accurate, convenient method of achieving
histopathological diagnosis. It can be done as an outpatient procedure without analgesia and anaesthesia when compared to D and
C which is expensive and invasive method and requires hospitalization and general anaesthesia.
Keywords: Karman cannula, D and C, AUB, Endometrial aspiration, diagnostic accuracy
Original Article
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Website:
www.jfmpc.com
DOI:
10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_291_20
Address for correspondence: Dr. Swati Kochar,
1 B 2 Pawanpuri, Bikaner, Rajasthan, India.
E‑mail: swatikochar148@gmail.com
How to cite this article: Nama A, Kochar S, Suthar N, Kumar A, Solanki K.
Accuracy of Karman endometrial aspiration in comparison to conventional
D and C in women with AUB at tertiary care hospital in North West
Rajasthan. J Family Med Prim Care 2020;9:3496-501.
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Received: 21‑02‑2020 Revised: 14‑03‑2020
Accepted: 30‑03‑2020 Published: 30‑07‑2020