Crystallization and Equilibrium Melting Behavior
of PBT/PETG Blends
D. NABI SAHEB, J. P. JOG
Polymer Science and Engineering Group, Chemical Engineering Division, National Chemical Laboratory,
Pune 411008, India
Received 24 November 1998; revised 12 April 1999; accepted 10 May 1999
ABSTRACT: The results of studies of equilibrium melting point and crystallization
behavior of PBT/PETG blends are reported for the first time. A single composition-
dependent glass-transition temperature is observed in the DSC studies. The isothermal
crystallization studies of the blends indicate retardation in crystallization rate as
evidenced by the increase in crystallization half time. The retardation in crystallization
rate has been attributed to the miscibility in the molten state and the hindrance to the
diffusion of crystallizable units. This assumption is further supported by the composi-
tion dependence of the crystallization half time. A composition-dependent melting point
depression has been observed which has been attributed to the possible thermodynamic
and morphological effects. The interaction parameter calculated by analyzing equilib-
rium melting point depression shows composition-dependent negative values confirm-
ing the miscibility of the systems. These results are in good agreement with our earlier
results on mechanical and dynamic mechanical properties of PBT/PETG blends. © 1999
John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci B: Polym Phys 37: 2439 –2444, 1999
Keywords: PBT; PETG; crystallization; isothermal; equilibrium melting point
INTRODUCTION
The crystallization of polymer blends is a very
complex process as the crystallization of compo-
nent polymers is modified and consequently, a
variety of behaviors can be envisaged.
1–2
Depend-
ing upon the interaction between the polymers,
interesting effects, such as depression of melting
point/equilibrium melting point, increase/de-
crease of crystallinity and the rate of crystalliza-
tion, and changes in morphological structures can
be observed. In semicrystalline and noncrystal-
line blends, such changes are attributed to misci-
bility and/or to the transport of the noncrystalliz-
able units (amorphous) across the crystallizable
units/crystals at the interface in the melt and
diffusion process.
Polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) is one of the
engineering polyesters with a high crystallization
rate. It has been blended with other engineering
polymers such as polyesters, polyarylate, and
polycarbonate.
3–10
These blends are of special in-
terest as they exhibit miscibility and other fea-
tures corresponding to the observed miscibility
such as melting point depression, reduced crys-
tallization rate, etc. In our earlier communication
we have noted that the PBT/PETG (an amor-
phous copolyester) blends exhibit miscibility as
evidenced by the single composition-dependent
glass-transition temperature and enhanced prop-
erties due to interaction between the polymers.
11
In addition, the DSC scans (melting and crystal-
lization) show significant differences in the melt-
ing and crystallization temperatures for blended
samples. However, the changes observed were un-
der quasi-equilibrium conditions. It was therefore
interesting to study the equilibrium melting be-
havior of PBT in PBT/PETG blends and the effect
Correspondence to: J. P. Jog (E-mail: jyoti@che.ncl.res.in)
Journal of Polymer Science: Part B: Polymer Physics, Vol. 37, 2439 –2444 (1999)
© 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. CCC 0887-6266/99/172439-06
2439