Archives of Agriculture and Environmental Science 6(3): 391-396 (2021)
https://doi.org/10.26832/24566632.2021.0603020
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Archives of Agriculture and Environmental Science
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e-ISSN: 2456-6632
ARTICLE HISTORY ABSTRACT
Received: 12 June 2021
Revised received: 11 August 2021
Accepted: 11 September 2021
For the past few years, ginger export to India and through India to other countries has become
a perennial problem for the farmers and traders. In this paper, we discuss about the impact of
blockchain technology in ginger supply chain, which faces intermittent deterring of ginger
worth millions in the Nepal-India border. Extensive literature reviews and execution of Delphi
method in the study showed that blockchain as an emerging technology capable of transform-
ing the food supply chain maintaining transparency in each step. In this paper, we study the
potentiality of blockchain technology in transforming the ginger supply chain system through
its potential benefts in Nepalese agriculture. The technology is capable of making various
aspects of supply chain like tracing, monitoring and sustainability effcient. Thus, can reduce
the trade-trust defcit between nations with technology.
©2021 Agriculture and Environmental Science Academy
Keywords
Agriculture supply chain
Blockchain technology
Ginger supply chain
Simplify supply chain
Transparency in supply chain
Citation of this article: Thapa, S., Piras, G., Thapa, S., Rimal, P., Thapa, A., & Adhikari, K. (2021). Blockchain-based secured traceability
system for the agriculture supply chain of ginger in Nepal: A case study. Archives of Agriculture and Environmental Science, 6(3),
391-396, https://dx.doi.org/10.26832/24566632.2021.0603020
Blockchain-based secured traceability system for the agriculture supply chain of
ginger in Nepal: A case study
Susan Thapa
1*
, Gaetano Piras
2
, Sudesh Thapa
3
, Pravesh Rimal
1
, Aradhya Thapa
4
and Kushal
Adhikari
1
1
Department of Agriculture, Purbanchal University, Biratnagar, 56613, NEPAL,
2
Department of Agriculture, University of Sassari,
Viale, 14010, ITALY,
3
Golden Gate International College, Sinamangal, Kathmandu, NEPAL,
4
Nobel Academy, New Baneshwor,
Kathmandu, NEPAL
*
Corresponding author’s E-mail: susanthapa002@gmail.com
INTRODUCTION
Nepal is a land-linked nation with a various bioclimatic zone
located at the lap of Himalayas (Rana and Karmacharya, 2014)
Agriculture has dominated the economy of Nepal (MoF, 2015;
Thapa et al., 2021). Agriculture is the mainstay of not only
income but also the main component of food and employment in
most of the rural areas of Nepal (CBS, 2009). The agriculture
sector of Nepal contributes USD 29.04 billion to Nepal’s GDP,
which in percentage translates to 26.4% (MoF, 2019). The
various stakeholders in the agriculture sector of Nepal spring
with farmers, suppliers of goods and services, food diversifers,
distributor, wholesaler, retailers, consumers, national and
international governmental organizations (NGOs and INGOs),
different branches of governmental organization. The food must
go through various stages of value chain before it reaches the
customers. The complex phenomenon has various value chain
members, who have a distinctive role in delivering the goods and
services to the consumers (Leng et al., 2018). The onset of
Information and communication technologies, (ICT) and the
Internet of Things (IoT) have revolutionized a large number of
felds and the agriculture supply chain is also touched from the
revolution (Tian, 2017) .These technologies have simplifed the
agri-food value chain. Even though the revolutionary technolo-
gy is in use, still food value chain which is currently in use is
central, monopolistic, asymmetrical, and opaque, all in all is
bears a huge trust defcit. Therefore creating a trust defcit
among the consumer to be carefree to consume the food, which
comes to their plate passing through various stages that are
verifed by a spike in numbers of food safety incidents in a
couple of years (Tian, 2017). Most of the supply chain that are
currently in use often depends on the age-old supply chain
system, which is centralized, unreliable, and have many disad-
vantages. It is the need of the hour to make a reliable and
trustworthy supply chain system, which is much effcient, and
trust-worthy (s) (Nakamoto, 2008). A small error in the central-
ized supply chain system corrupts the whole system and makes
the system prone to error, hacking, corruption, and other ways
CASE STUDY