1 COMPARISON OF FIBROBLATS CELL COUNTS IN RABBIT’S GASTROCNEMIUS MUSCLE HEALING WHICH TREATED WITH BONE MARROW DERIVED MESENCHYMAL STEM CELLS AND WITHOUT MESENCHYMAL STEM CELLS IGL Krishna Mahayana* , dr.Heri Suroto**, dr.Sjahjenny Mustokoweni*** ABSTRACT Background : Injury of muscle tissue has become a difficult situation in traumatic case and muscle disease. It happen due to slow rate of healing. Recent development in basic science, especially stem cells and regenerative medicine, bringing new hope in such problem. his study tested on hypothesis which bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells able to boost muscle healing in injured rabbit muscle. Materials and Methods : The goal in this study was to compare the fibroblast cell counts in the injured part of a rabbit’s gastrocnemius muscle which was injected with stem cells with muscle that did not receive stem cells injection. Design of this study is post-test only control group. Type of the animals used here are New Zealand White rabbits .Shape of the injury was sharp and completely transected through midsubstance of gastrocnemius muscle. The injury repaired with running suture of the epimysium using pro lene 4.0 and prolene 5.0 for suture of the fascia . The left gastrocnemius muscle treated with bone marrow derived stem cells and the right limb treated without any stem cells then two weeks later the specimens were harvested . Results : Fibroblast cells counts of the group that was injected with mesenchymal stem cells increased significantly compare to the other group. Conclusions : Fibroblast cells number markedly increase inside the injured site of gastrocnemius muscle that was injected with bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells. Keyword : Muscle healing, fibroblast cells, mesenchymal stem cells. PENDAHULUAN Kemampuan utama dari sekelompok otot adalah berkontraksi baik secara isometrik, isotonik maupun isokinetik. Ketidakmampuan berkontraksi bisa terjadi karena sebab dari sentral ataupun perifer. Sebab dari perifer bisa merupakan wujud problem pada syaraf tepi , neuromuscular junction maupun otot. Hambatan kontraksi ini dapat muncul disebabkan oleh trauma ataupun karena penyakit herediter antara lain Duchenne muscular dystrophy. 1,2 Cedera pada otot skelet yang mengakibatkan hilangnya jaringan otot merupakan suatu tantangan baru di bidang