Validity and reliability of the Turkish version
of the Essentials of Magnetism Scale (EOM II)
D. Yıldırım MSN, PhD, S. Kısa MSN, PhD & F. Hisar MSN, PhD
Assistant Professor, Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Gazi University, Besevler, Ankara,Turkey
Yıldırım D., Kısa S. & Hisar F. (2012) Validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the Essentials of
Magnetism Scale (EOM II). International Nursing Review 59, 570–576
Aim: To test the validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the Essentials of Magnetism II Scale (EOMII)
for use by staff nurses as being essential to quality patient care.
Methods: This study consisted of 385 nurses from four joint commission internationally accredited hospitals.
The EOMII scale was translated using a back-translation technique. The statistical analysis was carried out
using Cronbach’s alpha to test the internal consistency of the scale, while the factor analysis was carried out
using the principal component analysis together with the varimax rotation and Kaiser normalization to test its
construct validity.
Results: The total mean scores of all the items of the scale were found to be 155.33 (minimum 77 –
maximum 219) and the standard deviation was 29.45. All the items showed a statistically significant
correlation (P < 0.01). The Cronbach’s a of the scale was 0.92, indicating a high level of reliability. Cronbach’s
alpha consistencies in subgroups were between 0.87 and 0.70. In this study, job satisfaction and quality results
show the sign of convergence as in the original scale, which shows that the scale has a high construct validity
(P < 0.01).
Discussions: Transcultural differences in the quality of nursing services can only be compared with reliable
and valid instruments. This study shows that the Turkish version of the EOMII scale is a valid and reliable
instrument to assess the nurses’ working environment and to provide quality patient care in Turkey.
Keywords: Essentials of Magnetism II Scale, Instrument Validation, Magnet Hospitals, Nurses, Quality Assurance,
Turkey
Introduction
During the last two decades, healthcare systems around the
world have undergone profound change, driven by a complexity
of economic and political factors. These stem from the greater
use of new technology, off-shoring some services to developing
countries, advances in medical knowledge, an aging population,
more informed and critical users of the healthcare system, and
efforts by governments to further the control of healthcare
expenditures (Carney 2010; Notara et al. 2010).
Nurses play a pivotal role in shaping health policy in any
country by seeing the gaps in the healthcare systems and assess-
ing their consequences. They see where improvements are
needed to increase access, promote prevention, coordinate care,
and improve the quality and efficiency of health care. Studies
show that nurses have influence in a large number of areas
including: reduction of medical errors; improvement of patient
safety and quality of care; promotion of wellness and expanding
preventive care; improvement of health care efficiency and the
reduction of costs; coordination of care through the healthcare
system; assistance towards the healthcare system adapting to an
Correspondence address: Sezer Kisa, Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health
Sciences, Gazi University, Etiler, Ankara 06330, Turkey; Tel: 90-312-216-2622;
Fax: 90-312-216-2636; E-mail: sezer@gazi.edu.tr.
Source of support: No funding for this study was received.
Conflict of interest: There was no conflict of interest.
Research Methods
© 2012 The Authors. International Nursing Review © 2012 International Council of Nurses 570