Governance and Sustainability of Global Business Economics
__________
*
Corresponding author.
E-mail: chowyeepeng@gmail.com
© 2017 The Authors
GCBER 2017
August 14-15, UPM, Malaysia
Global Conference on Business
and Economics Research
Available online at
www.econ.upm.edu.my
Global Conference on Business and Economics Research (GCBER) 2017
14-15August 2017, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Malaysia
Export Volatility and Corporate Financing Decisions in
Australia: A Dynamic Panel Data Approach
Chow Yee Peng
a*
, Junaina Muhammad
b
, Bany Ariffin Amin Noordin
b
, Cheng Fan
Fah
b
a
Putra Business School, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Malaysia
b
Faculty of Economics and Management, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Malaysia
Abstract
This paper investigates the influence of export volatility on corporate financing decisions of a sample of non-
financial firms listed on the Australian Securities Exchange over the period 2004-2014. The GARCH model is
employed to model export volatility. Using a dynamic panel data method, namely the robust two-step system
GMM estimation procedure, the results show that export volatility has a significant negative effect on the
financing decisions of Australian firms. The results also reveal that while long-term debt is affected by export
volatility, similar observation does not hold for short-term debt. This indicates that Australian firms are chiefly
concerned about the adverse effect of export volatility in the long-run. The results also provide evidence of the
importance of accounting for the effects of the Global Financial Crisis. Policy implications are derived from the
findings.
Keywords: Corporate financing decisions, Capital structure, Leverage, Export volatility, System GMM, GARCH
1. INTRODUCTION
Research on corporate capital structure has evolved over time since the introduction of the irrelevance theorem
by Modigliani and Miller (1958). Initially, these studies are primarily focused on identifying firm-specific factors
such as tangibility, firm size, growth opportunities, profitability and non-debt tax shields as determinants of
corporate capital structure (Vo, 2017; Huang and Wang, 2015; Antonczyk and Salzmann, 2014; Dang, Kim and
Shin, 2014; Ebrahim, Girma, Shah and Williams, 2014). More recently, some studies have also considered the
influence of macroeconomic variables such as exchange rate, inflation rate, Gross Domestic Product (GDP),
interest rate and fiscal policy as capital structure determinants (Zeitun, Temimi and Mimouni, 2017; Memon, Md
Rus and Ghazali, 2015; Mokhova and Zinecker, 2014; Muthama, Mbaluka and Kalunda, 2013).
Nevertheless, only a handful of research has examined the influence of macroeconomic volatility on firms’ capital
structure (Caglayan and Rashid, 2014; Rashid, 2013; Baum, Stephan and Talavera, 2009; Hatzinikolaou,
Katsimbris and Noulas, 2002). Moreover, past research on the association between macroeconomic volatility and
capital structure has only considered certain sources of macroeconomic volatility such as volatility of inflation
rate (Hatzinikolaou et al., 2002), volatility of real GDP (Caglayan and Rashid, 2014; Rashid, 2013) and volatility
of interest rates (Caglayan and Rashid, 2014). However, to date, no research has been conducted on the influence
of volatility of exports on firms’ capital structure choices.