Hepatoprotective, Antihyperglycemic and Cytotoxic Activities of Jacaranda acutifolia Leaf Extract Nada M Mostafa 1 , Omayma A Eldahshan 1 , Hesham A El-Beshbishy 2 and Abdel Nasser B Singab 1* 1 Department of Pharmacognosy, Ain Shams University, Abbassia, Cairo, Egypt 2 Department of Medical Laboratories Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University, Al-Madinah Al-Munwarah, Saudi Arabia * Corresponding author: Abdel Nasser B Singab, Department of Pharmacognosy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt, Tel: 01005036231; E-mail: nasersingab@hotmail.com Received date: June 30, 2017; Accepted date: July 13, 2017; Published date: July 20, 2017 Copyright: © 2017 Mostafa NM, et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Abstract Objective: Leaves methanol extract of Jacaranda acutifolia Humb. and Bonpl. (JA) family Bignoniaceae was subjected to phytochemical investigation as well as antioxidant, hepatoprotective, cytotoxic and antihyperglycemic activities evaluation. Key findings: Eight compounds were identified: luteolin-7-O-β-D-glucuronide, luteolin-7-O-β-D-glucoside, aesculetin, luteolin, verbascoside, luteolin-7-O-β-D-glucuronide methyl ester, apigenin-7-O-β-D-glucuronide methyl ester and apigenin. JA revealed a potent antioxidant activity in vitro superior to vitamin E (DPPH assay; EC 50 of 0.43 mg/mL). A potential cytotoxic activity was produced against hepatocellular (HepG2) and cervical (HeLa) carcinoma cells with IC 50 of 6.05 and 16.7 µg, respectively. Treatment with JA extract inhibited the rise in alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase by 33.6% and 36.8% respectively, reduced thiobarbituric acid by 35.7% and decreased the tamoxifen-induced elevation in tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) level by 42.86%. JA extract elicited a significant decrease in fasting blood glucose by -59.26%. Conclusions: Jacaranda acutifolia could be a natural source for antioxidant, hepatoprotective supplements and could provide a basis for a potential cytotoxic agent. The compounds isolated are responsible at least in part for the observed effects. Keywords: Jacaranda acutifolia; Hepatoprotective; Antihyperglycemic; Cytotoxic Introduction Genus Jacaranda distributes around the world and includes 49 species. Te main identifed constituents are favonoids, triterpenes, quinones, and acetosides [1]. Members of this genus are well known in traditional ethnobotany for their promising pharmacological activities [2]. Jacaranda species were used, traditionally, to treat rheumatism, leishmaniasis as well as venereal infections and gastrointestinal disorders. Jacaranda acutifolia have shown diuretic and astringent activities [3]. Leaves and barks could be applied directly to the wounds or in the form of decoction or infusion, as they are considered as disinfectant [4]. Te bark could be used as astringent and diuretic and in the treatment dermatitis, syphilis and diseases related to urinary tract diseases [5]. Jacaranda acutifolia leaves contain verbascoside, jacaranone, phenyl acetic-β glucoside, scutellarein-7-glucoronide and hydroquinone [6]. Flowers contain anthocyanins which are responsible for their violet color [5]. A novel bifavonoid [kaempferol (6→8″) apigenin] was isolated from the leaves [7]. It exerted a promising cytotoxic activity against breast carcinoma cell line (MCF-7). Te main components of leaf volatile oil of Jacaranda were methyl linolenate (26.7%), 1-octen-3- ol (10.8%), methyl phenyl acetate (9.9%), beta-linalool (5.5%) and palmitic acid (4.7%). n-Hexane extract revealed similar composition, but with other compounds as homogentisic acid p-benzoquinone, phenyl acetic acid and resorcinol. Te oil showed activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Candida albicans, Salmonella typhimurium and Shigella fexneri where n-hexane extract showed moderate activities against many microorganisms [8]. Te total phenolic contents of Jacaranda acutifolia were calculated as 17.20 mg/g gallic acid equivalents. Te ethyl acetate fraction possessed the highest antioxidant activities, estimated by DPPH radical scavenging (EC 50 =0.049 mg/mL) and ferric ion reducing activities (EC 50 =0.125 mg/mL) [9]. Te present study was undertaken to evaluate antioxidant, cytotoxic, hepatoprotective and antihyperglycemic activities Jacaranda acutifolia leaves and to identify compounds responsible for the observed efects. Materials and Methods Plant materials Jacaranda acutifolia (Humb. and Bonpl.) leaves (JA), Bignoniaceae were collected from Merryland Botanical Garden, Cairo, Egypt, and air-dried. Tey were authenticated by Prof. Abd El Salam Mohamed Al-Nowiahi, Professor of Taxonomy, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University. Voucher specimens of JA (PHG-P-JA-201) was deposited at Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt. Mostafa et al., Med Aromat Plants (Los Angles) 2017, 6:4 DOI: 10.4172/2167-0412.1000297 Research Article Open Access Med Aromat Plants (Los Angles), an open access journal ISSN: 2167-0412 Volume 6 • Issue 4 • 1000297 M e d i c i n a l & A r o m a t i c P l a n t s ISSN: 2167-0412 Medicinal & Aromatic Plants