Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Forest Ecology and Management journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/foreco Using spatial genetic structure of a population of Swietenia macrophylla King to integrate genetic diversity into management strategies in Southwestern Amazon Sabrina Silva de Oliveira a , Tatiana Campos b, ⁎ , Alexandre Magno Sebbenn c , Marcus Vinicio Neves d'Oliveira b a Graduate Program in Forest Science, Federal University of Acre, Rio Branco, Acre, Brazil b Embrapa Acre, Rio Branco, Acre, Brazil c Forest Institute of São Paulo, CP 1322, São Paulo, SP 01059-970, Brazil ARTICLEINFO Keywords: Conservation genetics Forest logging Mahogany Microsatellite loci Spatial genetic structure Tropical tree ABSTRACT The aims of this study were to investigate the intrapopulation spatial genetic structure (SGS) of a preserved Swietenia macrophylla population in a managed forest in Southwestern Amazon, in Acre state, Brazil, and assess the genetic parameters that underlie the conceptual framework that guides conservation and management strategies. The study was conducted in Annual Production Unit (APU) 3, where 83 adult trees (DBH≥40cm) were mapped (1650ha). The diameter at breast height (DBH) was measured and the vascular exchange was sampled. Leaf tissues were collected from 187 juvenile individuals within a radius of 20m of adults. The po- pulation presented high heterozygosity (H o ) for adult (0.767) and juvenile (0.763) individuals, but significantly highallelicrichness(R)andsignificantlylowerfixationindex(F )inadults(R =10.3, F =0.048)thanjuveniles (R =9.3, F = 0.119). The F value significantly higher for juveniles, suggesting selection against inbred in- dividuals between juvenile and adult life stages. SGS was detected for adults up to 300m. Mating was mainly throughoutcrossing(0.97–1.0),butsomecrossingoccurredamongrelatedtrees(0.02–0.16)andwerecorrelated (r pm =0.06–0.22), indicating a mean effective number of pollen donors ranging from 4.5 to 18.2. Pollen dis- persaldistancesreached3905m(meanof1472m),andmeaneffectivepollinationneighborareaof792ha.The effective population size (N e )withinfamily(2.73)waslowerthanexpectedforrandommatingpopulations.The number of trees (m) required for seed collection was estimated at 55 non-inbreed and not related trees to each other.Thecorecollectionconsistedof42(50.6%)adultsacrossthearea.Theseindividualsshouldbeincludedin seedcollectionastheyrepresent100%ofthetotaldetectedgeneticdiversity.Theinclusionof S. macrophylla on the list of species available for exploitation is not indicated, because the species requires cross breeding for its maintenance and logging reduce the N e and may negatively impact the pattern of genetic diversity. These will significantly increase the risk of genetic erosion and population extinction due to a lack of adaptive ability. Adults serve as pollen donors that ecologically and genetically contribute to the maintenance of gene flow and N e . Because it is recognized as a threatened species worldwide, and due to the fact that in areas of natural occurrence the species presents low-density and shows difficulty establishing natural regeneration, we re- commend that S. macrophylla be protected from selective logging. 1. Introduction The Neotropical tree Swietenia macrophylla King (mahogany) occurs throughout the tropical region of the Americas, including southeastern Mexico, along the Atlantic coast of Central America, and northern South America (Moghadamtousi et al., 2013). Due to the excellent aesthetic, physical and mechanical characteristics of its wood (Neto et al., 2004; André et al., 2008), it has high commercial value with pricesrangingfromUS$200to800percubicmeter(SEFA, 2015).The species has been exploited extensively, particularly during the 1970s and ‘80s, which brought about a sharp decline in its populations in areas of natural occurrence (André et al., 2008; Sebbenn et al., 2012; Degenetal.,2013;Alcaláetal.,2014).Assuch, S. macrophylla hasbeen included on the list of endangered species (CITES, 2019), which https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2020.118040 Received 27 January 2020; Received in revised form 28 February 2020; Accepted 29 February 2020 ⁎ Corresponding author. E-mail address: tatiana.campos@embrapa.br (T. Campos). Forest Ecology and Management 464 (2020) 118040 0378-1127/ © 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. T