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Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies 2019; 7(4): 461-463
E-ISSN: 2320-7078
P-ISSN: 2349-6800
JEZS 2019; 7(4): 461-463
© 2019 JEZS
Received: 17-05-2019
Accepted: 19-06-2019
Sahaja Deva
Subject Matter Specialist (Crop
Production), Krishi Vigyan
Kendra, Darsi, Prakasam,
Andhra Pradesh, India
GMV Prasada Rao
Programme Coordinator, Krishi
Vigyan Kendra, Darsi,
Prakasam, Andhra Pradesh,
India
Ch. Varaprasada Rao
Senior Scientist, DAATTC,
Darsi, Prakasam, Andhra
Pradesh, India
P Vinayalakshmi
Ph.D. Scholar, Bapatla,
Andhra Pradesh
Correspondence
Sahaja Deva
Subject Matter Specialist (Crop
Production), Krishi Vigyan
Kendra, Darsi, Prakasam,
Andhra Pradesh, India
Demonstration of yellow mosaic virus resistant
varieties of black gram in Prakasam district of
Andhra Pradesh
Sahaja Deva, GMV Prasada Rao, Ch. Varaprasada Rao and P
Vinayalakshmi
Abstract
Yellow Mosaic Virus is the major problem in pulses in prakasam district which leads to major yield
reduction. A new variety of black gram tolerant to yellow mosaic virus was introduced and demonstrated
in the Prakasam district. Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Darsi, assessed the performance of yellow mosaic virus
resistant variety TBG 104 over yellow mosaic virus susceptible variety LBG 752 in cluster Front Line
Demonstrations s in 25 acres each from 2016-17 to 2018-19. TBG 104 have shown advantage over LBG
752 in terms of yield and C: B ratio. Average yield of TBG 104 was 11.9 q ha
-1
with C: B ratio of 1:1.7.
Whereas, LBG 752 recorded yield of 11.0 q ha
-1
with C: B ratio of 1:1.4.
Keywords: Black gram, yellow mosaic virus, yield, economics
Introduction
Black gram, Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper, is the fourth important short duration pulse crop grown
in India due to its nutritional value, as it contains high level of protein (25g/100g). In India,
black gram production and consumption is highest in the world. In Andhra Pradesh, during
2017-18 black gram was grown in an area of 5 lakh ha with production of 3.29 lakh tonnes and
productivity of 657 kg/ha (Indiastat.com)
[2]
. In prakasam district during 2017-18 black gram
was grown in an area of 20.1 th.ha with production of 7.3 th.t and productivity of 362.2 kg/ha.
Low productivity of black gram (0.425 ton ha
-1
) in India can be attributed to biotic stresses
including viruses which causes yellow mosaic virus. Yellow Mosaic Virus is a major disease
observed in pulses during recent years. Yellow mosaic virus is the most destructive disease
during all seasons. It results in heavy crop loss from 50 to 70 per cent, especially if the disease
occurs in the early stages of crop growth. Black gram is subjected to attack by as many as 64
species of insect pests (Lal, 1987)
[4]
. Plant viral diseases cause serious economic losses in
many pulse crops by reducing seed yield and quality (Schreinemaher et al., 2015)
[5]
. Plant
viral diseases cause serious economic losses in many pulse crops by reducing seed yield and
quality. Among the various viral diseases, the yellow mosaic disease caused by Mungbean
yellow mosaic virus (MYMV) is the most serious disease and major bottle neck for the
production of blackgram. This disease is popularly known as “Yellow plague of kharif pulses”
[1]
. As the disease spread through vectors and this virus survives in the weed host and other
legume crops there was increase in cost of cultivation towards the plant protection chemicals.
To manage this, generally farmers use huge amount of pesticides indiscriminately without any
proper diagnosis which results into development of resistance and resurgence of the pests as
well as environment pollution. The potential solution is to identify the tolerant varieties of
yellow mosaic virus. Therefore there is a need to introduce yellow mosaic virus resistant
varieties in black gram. In order to overcome these problems YMV resistant variety of black
gram was introduced in prakasam district under cluster front line demonstrations.
Materials and Methods
The present demonstration on Yellow mosaic virus resistant varieties was conducted during
Kharif season at polavaram, mundlamuru mandal during 2016-17, veligandla, veligandla
mandal during 2017-18, gavinivaripalem, chirala mandal during 2018-19. In this
demonstration 25 farmers were selected during each year under cluster front line
demonstration and demonstration was conducted in 10 ha during each year.