Jayaseelan et al Journal of Drug Delivery & Therapeutics. 2018; 8(6):35-40 ISSN: 2250-1177 [35] CODEN (USA): JDDTAO Available online on 15.11.2018 at http://jddtonline.info Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics Open Access to Pharmaceutical and Medical Research © 2011-18, publisher and licensee JDDT, This is an Open Access article which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, provided the original work is properly cited Open Access Research Article Biochemical characterization and 16s rRNA sequencing of different bacteria from textile dye effluents T. Jayaseelan 1 , R. Damodaran 1* , S. Ganesan 1 , P. Mani 2 1 PG Research and Department of Zoology and Biotechnology, A.V.V.M. Sri Pushpam College (Autonomous), Poondi, Thanjavur District, Tamilnadu, India. 2 Department of Biotechnology, Annai College of Arts and Science, Kumbakonam, Tamilnadu, India. ABSTRACT Environmental pollution has been identified as a major problem in the modern world. Dyeing effluents have become a vital source of water pollution. Release of coloured textile effluents is undesirable in the aquatic environment as they reduce light penetration, thereby affecting aquatic life and limits utilization of the water media. In Tirupur, the textile factories discharge millions of litres of untreated effluents into the drains that eventually empty into river, Noyyal. The release of coloured compound into water bodies is undesirable not only because of their impact on photosynthesis of aquatic plants but also due to the carcinogenic nature of these dyes and their breakdown products. The ability of bacterial strains isolated from the dye effluent of textile mill sites. Morphological and biochemical characterization was done to identify isolates and was found to be Pseudomonas spp, Bacillus spp and Serattia spp. The isolated strains were finally identified by 16S rRNA sequence analysis. Bacteria are generally identified by 16S rRNA sequencing. The rRNA is the most conserved (least variable) gene in all cells. They were identified as Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens and Serattia liquefaciens. The sequences were deposited in GENBANK. The accession numbers were KU041528, KU041530 and KU041531 respectively. The identification was confirmed by 16S rRNA sequencing. Keywords: Textile Dye Effluents, Bacteria, 16S rRNA, NCBI. Article Info: Received 23 Sep 2018; Review Completed 22 Oct 2018; Accepted 23 Oct 2018; Available online 15 Nov 2018 Cite this article as: Jayaseelan T, Damodaran R, Ganesan S, Mani P, Biochemical characterization and 16s rRNA sequencing of different bacteria from textile dye effluents, Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics. 2018; 8(6):35-40 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v8i6.2004 *Address for Correspondence: R. Damodaran, PG Research and Department of Zoology and Biotechnology, A.V.V.M. Sri Pushpam College (Autonomous), Poondi, Thanjavur District, Tamilnadu, India. INTRODUCTION Water is life but now a-days due to the advancement in industrialization, it is spoiling a lot. Many contaminants present in wastewater, such as acids, bases, toxic organic and inorganic dissolved solids, and colors. Among them, colors are considered the most undesirable and are mainly caused by dyes 1 . At present scenario, environmental pollution is a major socio-economic and also a health problem. Among the various types of environment pollution, water pollution is a major concern. Colour is one of the most obvious indicators of water pollution. The discharge of highly colored synthetic dye effluents can be damaging to the receiving water bodies 2 . Noyyal river basin at the downstream of Tirupur Town is severely polluted due to discharge of partially treated effluent by the textile bleaching and dyeing units. These bleaching and dyeing units are located on either side of Noyyal River within 2 Km from the river. By average one unit generates 30 kilo litres per day (KLD) of trade effluent. The effluent reaching the river is in dark brown in colour. During summer period there is no water flow in river, only effluent flow can be noticed. In monsoon period the colour in river water can be noticed. Azo dyes, characterized by nitrogen to nitrogen double bonds (–N=N–), account for up to 70% of all textile dyestuffs produced and are the most common chromophore in reactive dyes 3 . The reactive azo dyes-containing effluents from these industries have caused serious environment pollution because the presence of dyes in water is highly visible and affects their transparency and aesthetics even if the concentration of the dyes is low. Most of these dyes are toxic and potentially carcinogenic and their removal from industrial effluents is a major environmental problem 4-6 . Microbes undergo high rates of dispersal and intermixing in nature but are constrained in their ability to colonize new habitats by environmental filtering and local competition 7 . Microbial diversity constitutes the most extraordinary reservoir of life in the biosphere that we have only just begun to explore and understand. Over the millennia, microbes have adapted to extremely diverse