Determination of the antioxidant capacity of “Pistache amargo” using a biosensor
based on Laccase Trametes Versicolor
J. Juárez-Gómez
a
, M. T. Ramírez-Silva
a
, M. Palomar-Pardavé
b
, M. Romero-Romo
b
, P.
Salinas-Hernádez
c
and F. Morales-Anzures
c
a
Departamento de Química, Área de Química Analítica, Universidad Autónoma
Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, México DF. México.
b
Departamento de Materiales, Área Ingeniería de Materiales, Universidad Autónoma
Metropolitana-Azcapotzalco, México DF. México.
c
Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Universidad del Itsmo campus Tehuantepec,
Oaxaca, México.
In the region of the Itsmo of Tehuantepec, Oaxaca, México grows
a variety of Pistache of the Anacardiaceae family. The fruit is
composed of about 68% oil by weight and is rich in polyphenolic
compounds. These are antioxidant molecules of great interest
today for their beneficial effects to human health, and there is a
strong interest in finding natural sources of antioxidants. For this
reason, the present work shows the spectrophotometric studies
using the DPPH radical method for the determination of the
antioxidant capacity equivalent to caffeic acid in different extracts
of the "Pistache Amargo" residual pulp. The spectrophotometric
method is contrasted with an electrochemical method using a
biosensor based on the enzyme Laccase Trameters Versicolor
immobilized on a polyvinyl alcohol polymeric membrane.
Introduction
Presently there is a great interest in the experimental capacity to estimate the efficiency of
diverse sustances acting as antioxydants; therefore, several methods have been developed
to evaluate this property, which have been employed to assess their antioxydant activity
when present in foodstuffs. Such methods depend on the specificity of the free radicals
used as reactants that are limited to soluble compounds in a chosen solvent. The
antioxydant compounds can be soluble in water or in lipids, insoluble or be adsorbed on
cellular walls; hence they are not necessarily availables to react with the free radicals.
That’s why they react in different percents and with varied kinetics.
The phenolic and polyphenolic compounds comprise the main natural antioxydants
class present in plants, foodstuffs and beverages that can be quantitavely determined
using various methods. In general, the analytic methods mostly used for the
determination of flavonoids are: UV, electrochemical, fluorescence and
chemioluminiscence.
Lately, enzyme-modified solid sensors have been used to determine simple phenols
through amperometry. The lacasse enzyme catalyzes the oxidation of three isomers,
10.1149/06401.0077ecst ©The Electrochemical Society
ECS Transactions, 64 (1) 77-81 (2014)
77
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