Trakia Journal of Sciences, Vol. 14, № 1, 2016
39
Trakia Journal of Sciences, No 1, pp 39-46, 2016
Copyright © 2016 Trakia University
Available online at:
http://www.uni-sz.bg
ISSN 1313-7050 (print)
ISSN 1313-3551 (online) doi:10.15547/tjs.2016.01.005
Original Contribution
EFFECT OF LARVAL DIET ON FEMALES’ ATTRACTION OF
ECTOMYELOIS CERATONIAE ZELLER (LEPIDOPTERA: PYRALIDAE) IN
PHEROMONE TRAPS
A. Zare Mehrjardy, S. Ravan, N. Sahebzadeh
*
Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zabol, Zabol. Iran
ABSTRACT
Purpose: Feed resources for larval development act on attractive ability of Ectomyelois ceratoniae
Zeller (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) females. Its sex pheromone components are synthesized but due low
stability not acceptable to recommend for pest control. As alternative method, the reared virgin female
moths are suggested for baiting in pheromone traps. To aim this purpose we conducted this research.
Method: The female moths were reared on dietary treatments including fruits of pomegranates and figs
and semi-artificial diet in the laboratory. The traps were used for nine days on sunset in the
pomegranate and fig orchards. By next morning, the captured moths by the traps were collected and
counted.
Results: The results confirmed that different treatments attracted different number of moths
significantly. In pomegranate and fig orchards, means of captured moths by the traps baited with the
reared females on pomegranate and fig fruits were more than other treatments, respectively. In both
orchards, the reared females on semi-artificial diet captured less compare to two treatments. The
interactions between treatments and orchards were significant different.
Conclusion: We reported the efficiency of feeding supply during the larval period for sex pheromone
production and their ability to attract moths of E. ceratoniae in the orchards.
Key words: pomegranate, fig, host plant, carb moth, semi-artificial diet, sex pheromone
INTRODUCTION
Pomegranate (Punica granatum L., Punicacea)
is native to Iran and some surrounding areas.
Iran is one of the best-known countries with a
large production of pomegranate. Pomegranate
export and consumption of fresh fruits and
processed products such as juice, puree, etc.
play a direct effect on economic growth of
country. Low numbers of pests are found on
pomegranate trees in comparison with other
fruit trees (1, 2). Among them, the
pomegranate fruit moth (or the carob moth)
Ectomyelois Ceratoniae Zeller (Lepidopter:
Pyralidae) as a major pest of pomegranate
orchards is efficiently controlled by sex
pheromone traps (3, 4).
Insect sex pheromones as a well-known part of
integrated pest management (IPM) have been
contributed since 1970s (5, 6). Calling
behavior using Lepidopteran sex pheromones
greatly use to monitor the seasonal density
fluctuations, timing of insecticide spray and
___________________________
*Correspondence to: Najmeh Sahebzadeh, Tel.
+5431232155, Fax +5431232100, E mail-
najmeh.sahebzadeh@gmail.com
presence of invasive moth species like E.
ceratoniae. (7, 8, 9). A variety of large to
small molecules like aliphatic molecules to
cyclic monoterpenoids are detected in insect
sex pheromones (5).
The traps baited with female sex lures detect a
pest species by attracting the male. Then male
caught in the sticky surface in the trap (10).
The traps with synthetic or natural sex
pheromone lures require virgin females, which
could be reared in laboratory or collected in
the infected orchards. The traps baited by
natural sex pheromone of virgin female attract
a mate rather than synthetic sex pheromones
(7, 11).
Mass trapping baited by sex pheromones
integrate with other control methods of pests
successfully by very strong attractants for
species-specific male moths (5, 12, 13, 14).
Researchers have synthesized and identify sex
pheromones from different species of moths
such as Amyelois transitiella (Pyralidae, (15)),
Andraca bipunctata (Bombycidae, (16)), and
Grapholita molesta (Tortricidae, (17).