MOL2NET, 2017, 3, doi:10.3390/mol2net-03-04617 1 Traditional medicine Magical and ritual uses Cold, fever Rheumatism Food, spice Antimalarial Muscle pain Biological activities Antioxidant Antifungal Antibacterial Anti-inflammatory Larvicidal Antiplasmodial MDPI MOL2NET, International Conference Series on Multidisciplinary Sciences http://sciforum.net/conference/mol2net-03 Ethnopharmacology, biological activity and chemical characterization of Mansoa alliacea. A review about a promising plant from Amazonian region. Angélica Tasambay Salazar 1 ,*, Laura Scalvenzi 1 , Andrea Stefany Piedra Lescano 1 , Matteo Radice 1 . 1 Universidad Estatal Amazónica, Km 2 ½ Via Napo (paso lateral), Puyo, Pastaza, Ecuador; E- Mail: atasambay@uea.edu.ec; lscalvenzi@uea.edu.ec; agi20140045@uea.edu.ec; mradice@uea.edu.ec * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: atasambay@uea.edu.ec; Tel.: +593 032-888-118 / 032-889-118112. Graphical Abstract Mansoa alliacea Abstract. Mansoa alliacea is a native plant from Amazonian basin and has great ancestral value for the local communities. M. alliacea is part of the traditional medicine for healers and shamans and has multiple uses due to the presence of several chemical constituents with important pharmacological properties. Plant derivatives are used as: antiseptic, diuretic, analgesic, antipyretic. Folk medicine is also related to the treatment of many diseases such as: reduction of blood pressure, against atherosclerosis, arthritis and rheumatism. Researches have also proven an appreciable antioxidant property, which revalue it for cosmetic purposes. Chemical composition of plant derivatives includes as main compounds: diallyl disulphide, diallyl trisulphide, alliin, allicin, propylallyl, divinyl sulfide, diallyl sulfide, dimethyl sulfide, daucosterol, beta-sitosterol, fucosterol, stigmasterol, iridoides and isothiocyanates, naphthoquinones, alkaloids, saponins, flavones. The present review includes ethnobotanical and pharmacological data that are related to the chemical composition of M. alliacea.