VOL. 5, NO. 3, March 2010 ISSN 1819-6608
ARPN Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences
© 2006-2010 Asian Research Publishing Network (ARPN). All rights reserved.
www.arpnjournals.com
INVESTIGATIONS ON SELF-COMPACTED SELF-CURING
CONCRETE USING LIMESTONE POWDER AND CLINKERS
C. Selvamony
1
, M. S. Ravikumar
2
, S. U. Kannan
1
and S. Basil Gnanappa
3
1
Sun College of Engineering and Technology, Sathyabama University, Chennai, India
2
Sun Polytechnic College, Sathyabama University, Chennai, India
3
CSI Institute of Technology, Nagercoil, India
E-Mail: muthu9678@rediffmail.com
ABSTRACT
Self-Compacting concrete is a type of concrete that gets compacted under its self-weight. It’s commonly
abbreviated as SCC and defined as the concrete which can placed and compacted into every corner of a formwork; purely
means of it’s self-weight by eliminating the need of either external energy input from vibrators or any type of compacting
effort. Self compactability and stability are susceptible to ternary effects of chemical and mineral admixture type and their
content. In this study, the effect of replacing the cement, coarse aggregate and fine aggregate by limestone powder (LP)
with silica fume, quarry dust and clinkers respectively and their combinations of various proportions on the properties of
SCC has been compared. Fresh properties, flexural and compressive strengths and water absorption properties of Concrete
were determined. The use of SF in Concrete significantly increased the dosage of superplasticiser (SP). At the same
constant SP dosage (0·8%) and mineral additives content (30%), LP can better improve the workability than that of control
and fine aggregate mixtures by (5 % to 45 %). However, the results of this study suggest that certain QD, SF and LP
combinations can improve the workability of SCCs, more than QD, SF and LP alone. LP can have a positive influence on
the mechanical performance at early strength development while SF improved aggregate-matrix bond resulting from the
formation of a less porous transition zone in Concrete. SF can better reducing effect on total water absorption while QD
and LP will not have the same effect, at 28 days.
Keywords: self-compacting concrete, limestone powder, silica fume, quarry dust, clinkers workability, strength, water absorption.
INTRODUCTION
The use of self-compacting concrete (SCC) is
spreading world wide because of its very attractive
properties in the fresh state as well as after hardening. The
use of SCC will lead to a more industrialized production,
reduce the technical costs of in situ concrete constructions,
improve the quality, durability and reliability of concrete
structures and eliminate some of the potential for human
error. It will replace manual compaction of fresh concrete
with a modern semi-automatic placing technology and in
that way improve health and safety on and around the
construction site. However, this type of concrete needs a
more advanced mix design than traditional vibrated
concrete and a more careful quality assurance with more
testing and checking, at least in the beginning, when using
SCC. It is possible to improve the mechanical properties
of concrete by using chemical, mineral, polymer and fibre
additives. For instance, producing of SCCs with the use of
chemical additives, decreasing shrinkage and permeability
and using mineral additives increased compressive
strength. As it is well known, there are a wide range of
cementitious mortars based on cement and components
similar to those of concrete. The composition of concrete
could sometime consist of more than one type of cement
(i.e. special cement, like ultra-fine alumina cement)
together with additions (i.e. silica fume, slag or lime stone
powder), aggregates (normal, lightweight and special
types, fillers), admixtures such as superplasticiser (SP), air
entrainers and viscosity modifying agents, The use of
industrial by-products, such as LP, SF, QD offers a low-
priced solution to the environmental problem of depositing
industrial waste.
The viscosity of cement-based material can be
improved by decreasing the water/ cementitious material
ratio (w/cm) or using a viscosity-enhancing agent. It can
also be improved by increasing the cohesiveness of the
paste through the addition of filler, such as limestone
(Ozawa et al 1995, Khayat 1999). However, excessive
addition of fine particles can result in a considerable
increase in the specific surface area of the powder, which
results in an increase of water demand to achieve a given
consistency. On the other hand, for a fixed water content,
high powder volume increases interparticle friction due to
solid–solid contact. This may affect the ability of the
mixture to deform under its own weight and pass through
obstacles (Nawa et al., 1998).
The use of limestone powder can enhance many
aspects of cement-based systems through physical or
chemical effects. Some physical effects are associated
with the small size of lime- stone particles, which can
enhance the packing density of powder and reduce the
interstitial void, thus decreasing entrapped water in the
system. For example, the use of a continuously graded
skeleton of powder is reported to reduce the required
powder volume to ensure adequate deformability for
concrete (Fujiwara et al 1996). Chemical factors include
the effect of limestone filler in supplying ions into the
phase solution, thus modifying the kinetics of hydration
and the morphology of hydration products (Daimon and
Sakai 1998). Partial replacement of cement by an equal
volume of limestone powder with a specific surface area
1