DOI: 10.21776/ub.jpacr.2020.009.01.481 J. Pure App. Chem. Res., 2020, 9 (1), 66-72 30 April 2020 X The journal homepage www.jpacr.ub.ac.id p-ISSN : 2302 – 4690 | e-ISSN : 2541 – 0733 This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Profile of Essential Oils Derived from Zingiber officinale Rosc. Rhizome Noval Dwi Wijaya, 1 Lailatul Rohmah, 1 Eria Anggraini, 1 Rana Ayu Ning Tyas, 1 Rizki Wahyu Aji Wibowo, 1 Masruri MASRURI 1 * 1 Chemistry Department, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Brawijaya University, 65145 Malang INDONESIA Corresponding email: masruri@ub.ac.id Received 26 May 2019; Accepted 30 April 2020 ABSTRACT White ginger which is also called Jahe Putih (Zingiber officinale) in Indonesia, is widely used in local Indonesian communities. It is a popular ingredient in beverages for stamina and also a bioactive ingredient for many traditional Indonesian food recipes. It is a popular ingredient in beverages for stamina and also a bioactive ingredient for many traditional food recipes. However, with the increase in demand for ginger related products, fake ginger formulated products are widespread in the market. This paper is disclosed the chemical profile of essential oil obtained from steam distillation of the local ginger. The results of this study can be used as a standard to detect original ginger. It was found that the chemical composition of the essential oil obtained from the white ginger contained 0.19% of a dried weight after 3 h of steam distillation. A total of 40 monoterpenoids (C10) and sesquiterpenoids (C15) secondary metabolite compounds were respectively detected in the oil. Keywords: ginger; Zingiber officinale; secondary metabolite; essential oils INTRODUCTION Ginger is commonly used as herbal medicine and also to enhance flavor in cuisine. It has the ability to relieve pain, rheumatism, stimulate the immune system and improve stamina [1,2]. Molecules such as 6-gingerol, 8-gingerol, 10-gingerol [3], 6-shogaol, 8- shogaol, 10-shogaol [4,5], paradols, gingerone, (-)-zingiberene, curcumene, - sesquiphellandrene, and -bisabolene have previously been isolated from white ginger. These molecules are classified as phenolic and terpenoid groups of secondary metabolites (Figure 1). They have antibacterial, antioxidant [1,6,7], anticancer [8,9] and anti-inflammatory activities [5,10] with a potential to prevent obesity [11,12] and diabetes [13]. The family of Zingiberaceae and genus zingiber is reported to consist of 125 plants species [14]. This wide species distribution can cause common physical feature identification and differentiation challenging. Supercritical extraction method using carbon dioxide for chemical compound isolation from ginger has been previously reported [7,15–17]. A hydro-distillation process which involved the mixing of the sample with water and steam distillation for compound isolation from ginger has also been reported [18,19]. The supercritical process using carbon dioxide is a green and more efficient process, however, the procedure requires sophisticated tools and high-pressure tanks to conduct. Meanwhile, the hydro-distillation process in some stages affords oleoresin precipitate in the flash reactor and oxidized or hydrated products are