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Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies 2020; 8(1): 1349-1352
E-ISSN: 2320-7078
P-ISSN: 2349-6800
JEZS 2020; 8(1): 1349-1352
© 2020 JEZS
Received: 10-11-2019
Accepted: 12-12-2019
Gómez-Tah JR
Tecnológico Nacional de
México/I.T. Tizimín. Final
Aeropuerto Cupul S/N. Tizimín,
Yucatán, México
Ruz-Febles NM
Tecnológico Nacional de
México/I.T. Tizimín. Final
Aeropuerto Cupul S/N. Tizimín,
Yucatán, México
Campos-Navarrete MJ
Tecnológico Nacional de
México/I.T. Tizimín. Final
Aeropuerto Cupul S/N. Tizimín,
Yucatán, México
Canul-Solís JR
Tecnológico Nacional de
México/I.T. Tizimín. Final
Aeropuerto Cupul S/N. Tizimín,
Yucatán, México
Castillo-Sánchez LE
Tecnológico Nacional de
México/I.T. Tizimín. Final
Aeropuerto Cupul S/N. Tizimín,
Yucatán, México
Corresponding Author:
Gómez-Tah JR
Tecnológico Nacional de
México/I.T. Tizimín. Final
Aeropuerto Cupul S/N. Tizimín,
Yucatán, México
Ethanolic extract of Cedrela odorata and Delonix
regia for the control of Anthonomus eugenii
Gómez-Tah JR, Ruz-Febles NM, Campos-Navarrete MJ, Canul-Solís JR
and Castillo-Sánchez LE
Abstract
In recent decades, studies of plant-based products in their chemical part have been intensified, with an
emphasis on secondary metabolites, which are involved in biological pest control and in some cases by
activating defense processes in the providing preventive protection. This study evaluated the bioactivity
of cedar (Cedrela odorata) and flamboyant (Delonix regia) extracts on adults of pepper weevil
(Anthonomus eugenii). Mortality and repellency bioassays were performed in 150 ml volume bottles with
various concentrations of extracts. The bioassays were completely random, with four repetitions for each
treatment. In the assessed concentrations of Cedrela odorata, the mortality rate ranged from 20 to 30% of
exposed insects. Concentrations of Delonix regia extract have mortality effect on Anthonomus eugenii
from 76% to 85% on individuals exposed in the test. With regard to the repellency effect, the extracts of
both plants had low effectiveness.
Keywords: Bioassays, pest, agriculture, extracts
Introduction
Anthonomus eugenii Cano named as the pepper weevil is one of the most important pests in
pepper crops
[1]
, specializes in attacking crops of Capsicum chinense and Capsicum annuum
[2]
.
The damage caused by the larvae is manifested in the small number of fruits, their early fall,
premature maturation and the production of deformed fruits
[1, 3]
.
Rodríguez-Leyva et al., (2012)
[4]
estimate that in Mexico they are lost from $70 million to $80
million annually from the attack by A. eugenii. Its control consists a chemical and cultural
control, which keeps pest level infestations low
[5]
, but in practice management falls on
applications of insecticides like neonicotinoid (pyrethroids), were used widely by the
producers, but created a new selection pressure on the populations of pest
[6]
.
Pest control is commonly done with chemicals; however, irrational use of these agrochemicals,
use of mixtures, use of ineffective products, application of persistent chemicals, inadequate
equipment, increased frequency and dosage of applications leads to the elimination of insects
the emergence of the resistance of major pests to pesticides, as well as water, air and soil
pollution, accumulation of toxic waste and user poisoning
[7]
. This problem has driven the use
of plant formulations with insecticide or insectistatic properties, which allow to manage pests,
protect the crop and therefore obtain higher yield and quality in production without putting the
health of man at risk and its environment
[8]
. Over the past two decades, studies of plant-based
products have been intensified in their chemical part, with an emphasis on secondary
metabolites, which are involved in biological control against pathogens or pests and in some
cases activating processes of the plant and providing preventive protection
[9]
.
In view of the mentioned before, this work was raised with the aim of evaluating the ethanol
extracts of C. odorata and D. regia for an alternative to the control of for the control of A.
eugenii.
Materials and methods
Plant material
Plant material was collected for the elaboration of extracts, Two kilograms of ripe fruits of C.
odorata and two kilograms of leaves of D. regia. These were collected in the Botanical Garden
of the Tizimin Institute of Technology. The collection was carried out in the early hours of the
morning to preserve the turgor of the samples.