INTRODUCTION A historical review of the developing nations provides widening disparities in children mortality. The gap in best and worst performance regarding mortality was about 7 in 1960’s that extend to 15 by 1980’s. However, the progress of Middle East was better than African regions [1]. In terms of overall health, the situation is even bitter in developing regions. In African and South-East Asian countries, number of children who died in 1999 before attaining the age of five years was 15 and 6.7 in terms of percentages respectively [2]. Poor economic performance of 1980’s was considered the cause of such increase in child mortality during 1990’s among developing coun- tries. For the same period child mortality decreased in rich economies while poor countries suffered high mortality rate [3]. Child mortality (less than five years) was increased in 106 countries from 1990 to 2000 [4]. The progress in attaining Millennium development goals regarding health was also different among economies. The estimated decline in child mortality was 4.2% annually from 1990 to 2015 but developing countries could attain nearly 2.5% level by 2007 [5]. This issue was discussed by researchers in cross countries and some particular regional studies. Pakistan’s economy is based on the textile industry sector which is the largest and most productive. Moreover, the textile sector makes a major contribu- tion to reducing unemployment and sustaining a decent standard of living. Implicitly, the empirical Investigating the impact of CO 2 emission and economic factors on infants health: a case study for Pakistan DOI: 10.35530/IT.072.01.1784 MUHAMMAD ZAHID NAEEM ABDULLAH EJAZ SUMERA ARSHAD MUHAMMAD AZMAT HAYAT RAMONA BIRAU JENICA POPESCU CRISTI SPULBAR ABSTRACT – REZUMAT Investigating the impact of CO 2 emission and economic factors on infants health: a case study for Pakistan This study has attempted to investigate the consequences of CO 2 emissions on infants’ health in Pakistan over the period of 1975 to 2013. Several economic factors have been employed in our analysis and the estimates show insignificant impact of CO 2 emissions in affecting children mortality. Increasing health facilities lowers children mortality over a short period were also observed but the relationship inversed in the long-run. In short-run, urbanization appeared as a decreasing factor to children mortality. While income inequality remains inversely related with children mortality. Both poverty and fertility are found enhancing factors to children deaths. The poor sector of the economy seemed to observe higher children mortality due to inadequate health facilities and low standards of living. Overall, we have observed greater impact of economic factors in explaining children mortality than CO 2 emissions in case of Pakistan. These issues have a significant impact on the representative industries in Pakistan, such as the cotton textile and traditional clothing industry (apparel manufacturing). Keywords: CO 2 emissions, economic factors, environment, infants health, Pakistan, children mortality, textile industry Investigarea impactului emisiilor CO 2 și a factorilor economici asupra sănătății infantile: un studiu de caz din Pakistan Acest studiu empiric a analizat consecințele emisiilor de CO 2 asupra sănătății infantile din Pakistan în perioada 1975–2013. Anumiți factori economici au fost utilizați în analiza realizată și estimările arată un impact nesemnificativ al emisiilor de CO 2 asupra mortalității copiilor. Creșterea numărului de facilități de sănătate scade rata mortalității infantile pe o perioadă scurtă de timp, dar această relație s-a inversat pe termen lung. Pe termen scurt, urbanizarea a apărut ca un factor cu influență descrescătoare privind evoluția mortalității infantile. Pe de altă parte, inegalitatea veniturilor rămâne invers corelată de mortalitatea infantilă. Atât sărăcia, cât și fertilitatea au rezultat ca fiind factori care ameliorează rata mortalității infantile. Sectorul economic subdezvoltat evidențiază o mortalitate infantilă mai ridicată din cauza instituțiilor sanitare inadecvate și a nivelului de trai scăzut. În general, am observat un impact mai mare al factorilor economici în explicarea mortalității infantile comparativ cu impactul emisiillor de CO 2 în cazul Pakistanului. Aceste probleme au un impact semnificativ asupra industriilor reprezentative din Pakistan, cum ar fi industria produselor textile din bumbac și industria de îmbrăcăminte tradițională. Cuvinte cheie: emisii de CO 2 , factori economici, mediul înconjurător, mortalitatea infantilă, sistemul de sănătate, Pakistan, industria textilă 39 industria textila 2021, vol. 72, no. 1 ˘ Special issue on Circular economy